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The Sophisticated Investor

4 Episodes

33 minutes | Sep 9, 2019
TSI004: Plan The Exit From The Beginning
  Watch the Video Guest: Erik SewellEmail: esewell@osceola.comWeb: www.osceola.comLinked In: Erick SewellTwitter: @ErikSewell Learn About Investing in Notes   THE SOPHISTICATED INVESTOR EPISODE 004  Planning The Exit From The BeginningEE: Hello everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, your host of the Sophisticated Investor. The Sophisticated Investor is an incredible community, which is focused on education, training and collaboration to help each of our members, and that includes you, to build, protect and preserve your family’s generational wealth. Now, I believe that we truly have a unique and one of a kind educational community. For one, I believe that there are four primary markets, not just one. I believe that those four primary markets include your personal finance and mindset market. I believe the second market is your hard, tangible asset market. I believe that the third market is your stock and paper market, and I believe the fourth market is your business investing market. Now, those four markets are imperative to be able to understand and then call yourself a sophisticated investor. Today we have an incredible guest who’s going to educate us on their preferred market of investing as well as the assets that they like to invest in. Please join me as we welcome today’s guest. EE: Hello everyone. Today we have Erik Sewell with us. Erik, thank you for being on the show; The Sophisticated Investor.  ES: Thanks for having me, Edwin. EE: Well, we are excited about having you on. There is a lot of information that we are going to be diving into for the show. But before we begin, I wanted to let — sort of give everybody an overview of what you’re doing now. Just a little bit about your background and then we can dive right into how you got where you’re at today. For everyone listening, Erik is the vice president of a business fund. They purchase businesses. It’s called the Osceola Fund.ES: Yup.EE: So you’ve been doing this since 2018. It’s a fairly new position for you. Right, Erik? ES: That’s right. Yes, I’ve been, I’d say, broadly involved in investments and financial services for the last five years. But have been in this role at Osceola Capital Management about the last year.  EE: Okay, Osceola Capital Management. Everyone listening, you all are going to get an inside look at the way a fund. They aggregate, they pool investor’s capital and then they go out and they are looking for businesses. Specifically for Erik’s company, the Osceola Capital Management, they look at businesses in the services industry, business services, tech services, and industrial services. That’s really their niche, if you will. So they pool investors’ funds together and then they go out and invest those funds into businesses and they’re buying businesses to take them to the next level, which we will get into later on in the show. But this is who Eric is, and he actually lives right down the street from me here in Tampa, Florida. Definitely excited to have you on and be able to talk a little bit more about your background. So, everybody, I’m sure when we hear that you are a fund manager, a vice president of this fund that goes out and buys businesses, maybe the first thing in people’s mind, it’s sort of like the shark tank. How accurate of a statement or how far off is that?ES: It’s similar in ways of like how we – Some of the questions they ask and the ways that they think about businesses and industries and what your total adjustable market, your TAM, very similar. But otherwise, shark tank is a little bit more of a venture capital focus, where they’re coming in, somebody’s got a great idea or a new product and I say, “Hey, I’m going to buy 30% of your business for a million dollars or whatever the number is.” They’re usually not looking to take control of it. What we do is leverage buy outs. We look for companies that are usually a little bit more established, have been going for a number of years. A lot of times it’s a founder or a founder owned and operated and we like to come in and partner with them and say, “Hey, we’re going to buy a controlling piece of the business, but really partner with you and help you kind of take this business to the next level.” But maybe also just like kind of a little bit overview of private equity. I think venture capital would be one aspect of that in terms of the very early stage of a business. That’s a very different risk profile than companies that are more steady state. So in our fund, we look to – For all of our companies to hopefully have at least two times return at the end and some we’d like to see three, four or more times at the end. [inaudible 00:04:53]. They know that 6 or 7 out of 10 of their investments are probably goose eggs. A couple of them they want doubles, and one or two they want to be homeruns. So there’s all sorts of risk profile as you kind of go from B-C all the way up to the lower-middle market, and then middle market, and then the [inaudible 00:05:11] bracket across different styles of private equity. As you mentioned, yeah, we’re kind of in the lower-middle market. We do work with smaller companies, but usually they have been around and established for a little while.  EE: Excellent. So when somebody hears this, they may be thinking, “Oh, wow! Erik, you must have gone to the most prestigious schools and you have got to have family and business that have been doing this for decades and generations and generations. I want to dispel that myth, because I, like yourself, am working at an industry right now that if you look at my background, I have no business being in. I think that we carry a lot of similarities and that both you and I came from completely different backgrounds as far as what our precursor career was before getting into the fund management space. So walk us through, what was it that you did, and I want to dive in to your previous job briefly. But before that, where was this epiphany that you wanted to get moving into the investment, fund management space? ES: Yeah, quick background of myself. I grew up in Florida, in Tallahassee. Playing a lot of sports, basketball and baseball at West Point to play both sports there. Then followed on with 5 years in the army as a field artillery officer. I wasn’t a Special Forces ninja such as yourself. Had a good experience there and a lot of good, learning soft skills and learning how to work with people and lead, all that kind of thing. But it was kind of an eye-opening experience to get to business school. It’s like, “Hey, our goal is to maximize profit.” In the army that’s like you consult your budget, and if you don’t get your budget, you don’t get it next year. That’s how you manage your budget. It’s a different way of thinking about, you know, you’re kind of getting into an investing mindset and everything when you’re in the army, and that’s awesome. Yeah, I think I was just really always intrigued by business and how do you create value in any given industry. I’ve always kind of naturally inquisitive and wanting to learn how things work and values. So that’s something I got into a business school. I was at Raymond James for 40 years prior to Osceola now. Kind of a corporate strategy and operational role, but a lot of those strategy projects had different flavors and pieces of investing than Raymond James. It’s a large diversified financial services and investing company. I think I also have that passion all along for wanting to be involved in kind of the small business space and maybe one day would be an owner/operator of a business, or what I really love, and this role here is that I get to work with lots of owner/operators of different companies and different industries and seeing what works well and what doesn’t. Trying to get in and help out and create some value.  EE: That is excellent. So for the listening audience, you live here in the greater Tampa Bay area. Do you only invest, does your fund only buy companies and invest in companies in the Central Florida area, or regional, or are national? ES: I would say we have a preference for local, even southeast regional companies. But we do what’s kind of known as a buy and build strategy or where we like to do consolidation. We look for industries where there’s a lot of fragmentation. So sometimes maybe we buy a company that’s [inaudible 00:08:37] southeast. But then to add on another significant piece, maybe it’s in the northeast or could be the Midwest or west. So we can acquire companies anywhere in the U.S.  But we do have one company that we’ve been investing in recently that is based here in Tampa. So we do like to do local deals. EE: I do like that idea of you’re looking for a fragmented industry and then you’re going in, you go through your analysis, your underwriting, if you will, when you’re looking at a business to purchase. I’m sure part of that underwriting or that strategy is, “Okay, this business, are there peripheral services or components to this business that we could also purchase to help feed the engine, if you will, feed that monster that fuel.” ES: Yeah, definitely. Definitely.  EE: Real quick for those who are listening. Erik worked at Raymond James, and you worked right next to, I believe – And correct me if I’m wrong, was right next to Mr. James. Correct? ES: Mr. James. Yeah, Tom James. Yeah, he’s an incredible person. He built Raymond James, which is a fortune 500 company now. He’s the CEO for over 40 years and has really built that into an amazing company. That was a great experience getting to work on projects with him and other executives at Raymond James. He’s forgotten more about investing and both of us together will probably – Yeah, he’s got a great mind for it. I think, also, really important thing to me is really values [inaudible
32 minutes | Aug 26, 2019
TSI003: Investors Die From Ingestion Rather Than Starvation
  Watch the Video GUEST: Jack MillerEmail: jackmiller@geltfinancial.comWeb: www.geltfinancial.comLinked In: Jack MillerTwitter: HJackMiller1Phone: (561) 221-0900 x.238 Learn About Investing in Notes   THE SOPHISTICATED INVESTOR EPISODE 003  Investors Die From Ingestion Rather Than StarvationEP: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, your host of The Sophisticated Investor. The Sophisticated Investor is an incredible community, which is focused on education, training and collaboration to help each of our members, and that includes you, to build, protect and preserve your families generational wealth. Now, I believe that we truly have a unique and one-of-a-kind educational community. For one, I believe that there are four primary markets, not just one. I believe that those four primary markets include your personal finance and mindset market. I believe the second market is your hard, tangible asset market. I believe that the third market is your stock and paper market. I believe the fourth market is your business investing market. Now those four markets are imperative to be able to understand and then call yourself a sophisticated investor. Today, we have an incredible guest who is going to educate us on their preferred market of investing, as well as the assets that they like to invest in. Please join me as we welcome today's guest.EE: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, host of The Sophisticated Investor, and today we’re going to have an incredible conversation with Mr. Jack Miller. Jack, welcome to the show.JM: My pleasure, thank you for having me on. Hopefully you're having a great day.EE: Absolutely. Thank you for taking us the time out of your day to be on the show with us and real briefly, I want to introduce you to our listening audience for those of them who don’t know. Jack Miller has been in the real estate investing timeframe since 1987. You have completed over a billion dollars’ worth of loans in the lending sphere, over tens and tens and tens of thousands of loans. You have managed your company, which manages hundreds of millions of dollars in mortgage portfolio currently and you are actively involved in the commercial real estate and that covers a very broad spectrum of assets under management. So, thank you sir, we know you’re very busy and we want to thank you again for taking the time to come on the show and divulge some of your wisdom and knowledge to our listening audience. Welcome again.JM: My pleasure.EE: One of the things that – just wanted to dive into, you know, when somebody reads your resume or when they maybe meet you, connect with you on LinkedIn, which I know you have a LinkedIn profile that I will give to listening audience to connect with you on. When they read what you’ve done, what you’ve accomplished, some people may assume that you were born that way, you were born into this wealth, you had all this knowledge, you had all these advantages. Could you walk us through sort of where or how you started, what was life, what was a childhood like for you and were you a privileged, advantaged person as some may think?JM: I believe anyone who was born in this country has certain privileges by itself. I certainly wasn’t a privileged child. While I did have great parents and grandparents and brothers and it’s a close family network, the reality is, my childhood wasn’t particularly pleasant one. I’m dyslexic and in the 60s, dyslexia, when I went to school you were called brain damaged. I really did terribly at school and my public education, my schooling, every day was a torturous day. The truth is, I don’t want to get too much into the school system, dyslexia and how it’s treated. But the truth is, it wasn’t a great childhood for that reason. I started to thrive when I got in the working world and from the time I was of very young age I’m guessing 10 or 11, I used to sell pretzels on the street corners of Philadelphia, sell coins, take summer jobs, sold pencils, literally, anything you name it, to make money. I could and to me, the pure opportunity that someone could say, "Hey, with your hard work, no skills, no education, you know, a lousy reader, terrible grammar, terrible spelling," this was way before spell check. "Your determination and your gut brute force can go out and make a living," was unbelievable to me so I viewed everything as an opportunity and I make mine, if it took someone five minutes to do something, I didn’t mind spending five hours on it or I didn’t mind keep swinging, you know, certain people seem to go through life and they always hit the nail on the head the first time. I’m the guy who hits the nail on the head the 20th time, you know? Just a story, yesterday, out of the blue, I was paid on something that came out of the blue, that I’ve worked my butt off for probably seven, eight years on. It’s the typical saying, you know, it takes about 10, 20 years to be an overnight success and that’s my story. Nothing has ever come easy for me.EE: I want to dive into that because I think a lot of people, especially in today’s – and the proponent and we’re in this age where the university, a degree and you may have a degree but when you started, it sounds like you didn’t have any formal education beyond high school?JM: I have no degree whatsoever except the school of hard knocks and being beaten up. That’s the only degree I have. EE: That’s awesome. Again, I want to remind people that are listening, that right here, you’ve just heard from a man and you will hear from a man for the rest of the time who doesn’t have a college degree, he doesn’t fit within the mold of what a lot of people maybe telling you as a listener that this is what defines a successful individual and what type – only, this type of individual has the opportunity to succeed as someone who goes to a university or college. They have a four, six, eight year degree, they get a job, work at it, make someone else wealthy and then they can retire and live off their pension. Jack, you completely broke that mold and I think that there is a shift happening underneath the bedrock of a higher learning right now that says, you know, not everybody needs to have a college education. There’s certain jobs that in my opinion, if I would have heard about you. Let’s say, 10 years ago, I would have thought, Jack Miller, he manages his companies, got hundreds of millions of dollars in assets, under management. He’s done over a billion dollars in lending. Well, you have to have a master’s degree from the Wharton’s business school or Harvard or Yale or something and so, very incredible to hear that you’ve accomplished where you’re at today without what the rest of the world if you will, deems as necessary to succeed. That’s really incredible. As speaking to dyslexia, I grew up at a family, I have a little bit of, but my brother struggled very much with dyslexia and even for them growing up in the 90s, it was still the stigma that we’re going to put you in the special school and this special class and you know, it’s done damage to them as their self-esteem if you will as they’ve grown up and trying to overcome the stigma that was placed on them. Absolutely, it’s amazing to hear your story that that’s something you start with and yet you're still able to accomplish what you’ve accomplished right now.JM: I appreciate it but I really don’t’ struggle with it. People around me may struggle with it because my grammar’s terrible, my spelling’s terrible but no struggles, I’ve learned, I have so many weaknesses and so many problems, I need to focus on my strengths. I don’t give really, my weakness or my problems too much attention. Or focus, I need to focus on the task and solving my mission and using my strengths to do that. Those who have to deal when we struggle with it, frankly, more than that too. I appreciate it.EE: Absolutely. You started of basically as a salesman on the streets of Philly, selling whatever you could get your hands on and that – sold pretzels and then on the coins and anything else and so where was the pivotal moment that you said, man, I see this opportunity in the commercial real estate space and even more like becoming the lender like a lot of people think that there’s such a barrier to entry to that. What was the – was there a catalyst, was there a moment that really spurred you into wanting to get into that industry?JM: I think it was multiple moments, you know, my first real experience was probably 17 or 18 during the Jimmy Carter era, give or take with 15, 16%. I was buying a lot of homes in Philadelphia with a friend of mine. I love the field, unfortunately, the partnership didn’t work out, it was all kinds of issues, I don’t want to go into them right now but all kinds of issues and everything went bust and that exited quickly but I got a taste or again, it’s unbelievable to me that someone could wake up in the morning, go out and through their hard work, make money. I thought the real estate business and the lending business and the finance business was a great way to do it. You don’t need a medical degree, you don’t need anything. Just through your sheer determination and a lot of hard work and a lot of failures. I could tell you, one failure after another. You just keep getting hit in the head with a two by four and say, why the heck did I go back in the ring? But one failure after another led to successful careers. But for me, it was, I was very lucky when I met my now wife of 32, 33 years. I really wasn’t employed, I was making money any which way I can and I applied for a job and I got a job, I don’t know why they hired me, I know still, no education, in the mortgage business and all of a sudden, they hired me on a Friday and start Monday, go out. I didn’t know anything. But it was again opportunity was largely commissioned but it was an
34 minutes | Aug 5, 2019
TSI002: Life Style Business to Growth Business
  Watch the Video Guest: Richard MilamWeb: www.enablesoft.comLinked In: Richard MilamRecommended Reading: “Traction” – Gino Wickman “E-Myth Revisited” – Michael Gerber “Built to Sell” – John Warrillow “Mastering the Rockefeller Habits” – Verne Harnish Learn About Investing in Notes   THE SOPHISTICATED INVESTOR EPISODE 002  TRANSITIONING FROM A LIFE STYLE BUSINESS TO A GROWTH BUSINESS FOR THE EXITEP: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, your host of The Sophisticated Investor. The Sophisticated Investor is an incredible community, which is focused on education, training and collaboration to help each of our members, and that includes you, to build, protect and preserve your families generational wealth. Now, I believe that we truly have a unique and one-of-a-kind educational community. For one, I believe that there are four primary markets, not just one. I believe that those four primary markets include your personal finance and mindset market. I believe the second market is your hard, tangible asset market. I believe that the third market is your stock and paper market. I believe the fourth market is your business investing market. Now those four markets are imperative to be able to understand and then call yourself a sophisticated investor. Today, we have an incredible guest who is going to educate us on their preferred market of investing, as well as the assets that they like to invest in. Please join me as we welcome today's guest.EP: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, host of The Sophisticated Investor. Today, we have with us a CEO and coach, Richard Milam. Richard, thank you so much for being on the show.RM: Good to be with you, Edwin.EP: Excellent. Now, Richard is here to talk to us about the business that he built and then position to exit. You just had an exit from that. You sold the business. What we mean by exit, you sold the business just this past year, correct?RM: We closed at the end of February. That's correct.EP: Oh, this year. Literally just a few months ago then. Fantastic. We're going to dive into how Richard set his company up to be able to sell it, some of the key components that he considered as he was preparing the company to sell. I think Richard, I believe Richard is going to bring a lot of good content and value for those investors that are specifically interested in purchasing, or investing in businesses and how they can position themselves and their investors to make a profit and to do it wisely. Richard, just real quick, wanted to do an introduction. Now for those of you who are listening and are not familiar with Richard Milam, he is a pioneer in the robotic process automation. He actually had his hand in the development of the ATM, as what you have told me. Then you had founded EnableSoft, which was the company that you just sold in February, correct?RM: Correct.EP: Okay, excellent. Richard, you actually – you also served in the United States Navy on a nuclear – you were a nuclear-trained engineer and you were on submarines, correct?RM: That's right.EP: All right. Well, thank you for your service.RM: Thanks for yours.EP: Richard if you will, tell us a little bit more. I'd like to dive in on two things, if you don't mind. I'd like to dive into the ATM networks, how that was structured, and then you working through and with, I don't know, were you a co-founder, you developing the ATM?RM: I actually worked with the guy who then and his company who invented the automated teller machine and then own the patent on the magnetic stripe on the card. Huge entrepreneurial adventure there. Not for me. I was an employee, but I got to watch it and participate in it. In those days, technology adoption was way slower than it is today. It took over 20 years to get a ATM adoption above 25% of the public. That happens a lot quicker these days as you know.EP: It took 25 years for the ATM concept to really catch on?RM: Yeah. Right. Because people took them a long time to build up trust in technology in those days. Probably as good reason, there was a lot of pioneering going on. For one of our first supermarket retail customers actually took deposits at an ATM. If you could imagine, people taking their bank deposits to an ATM and leaving them there and then having the supermarket figure out how to clear those deposits through banks was quite a feat. They abandoned that effort after a few years, by the way.EP: Obviously. You worked as an employee with, what was the name of the company for the automated teller machine company that you were working with? What was the name of that development company?RM: The company was called Quadstar and it was sold to Citicorp five years after I started.EP: I see. Then when it was sold, did you stay onboard, or did you after being underneath, or working with this gentleman and watching him be the entrepreneur and just develop this from the ground up, now when it started to dawn on you, like this is something that you wanted to pursue? RM: Yeah. I did stay on briefly. I went to South America to work with the sales team down there. Did not like being with the big company and was feeling entrepreneurial pangs, so I started some consulting work. Realized very quickly that I needed to develop some sales skills in order to do anything too entrepreneurial. I got a job selling bank software for one of them, what is now one of the big three bank software companies. Did very well at that. Had found myself about five years after that, while working with a banker that worked with the software company, helping banks try to move data from acquired savings alums. I don't know if you recall the 90s, the Savings and Loan industry in the United States was basically shut down overnight when the government took away what they called goodwill, which means they're basically – their loans were over-collateralized for the properties they were featuring. They were all pretty much insolvent overnight and they were selling those off to the banks. The software companies couldn't convert the data fast enough, but the Resolution Trust Corporation said, “Now you got to get that data onto your system in three months. We don't care how you do it.” People are basically sitting around keying in names and addresses and account information in bank boardrooms, from rebar reports and as I was helping the banker figure out how to organize that and use technology as much as possible, having studied computer science in college after the Navy and worked as a programmer at Quadstar, I had some tools. I ended up, that resulted in me coming up with the concept of this – essentially a software robot that a person could teach to do what a human does to enter data and interact between systems. I took that to market. That was actually the first commercial company that is now what first commercial sale of technology that is now called robotic process automation and is quickly becoming a six billion dollar industry. That was 25 years ago. Probably about seven or eight years ago, many of these companies that outsource labor overseas to have people in other country do manual daily tasks discovered this technology and with wages going up overseas, people decided they wanted to automate things in-house, versus send them overseas, plus with all the data breaches that people didn't want their data leaving the building, let alone the country. That was a prime moving force for this robotic process automation. We were we were in the right place at the right time. I had not become as large as my competition, because I didn't get into this outsourcing wave. I was just diligently working on technology that was easy to use, but essentially the citizen developer and financial institution. We had over 650 customers, most of those banks, a third of the largest 1,000 banks, five of the 15 biggest. We had 50 major healthcare companies. All of them doing this automation that enabling people to automate manual processes and lemonading spreadsheet jungles that they grow up around systems that won’t do what people want them to do. Then, so as it turns out, what this up-and-coming in an artificial intelligence and Industrial Revolution, that's about 10 years down the road, these software robots are necessary to prepare the fields for that AI revolution. RPA and AI are closely linked. The reason for that is that in order for artificial intelligence to actually be useful, you have to have a lot of good clean data, a lot of it. You have to have an automated enterprise, digital enterprise if you will, a lot of data scientists. Well robotics, software robotics enabled the first two things to happen.EP: Interesting. The clean data, that's something I – you look at some of the data aggregate sites on the web specifically. For instance, let's say Zillow, which is aggregating data on a consistent basis. They are they are providing a enormous database with information that's categorized and it's easily accessible to where you could then build, which people are doing right now, build software to go in and then extract that information to be able to create further on analysis and like you said, automate the process of data input, correct?RM: Correct. Yeah. Yeah. Obviously, essential that the data be good. When you have human beings and human hands in it, that introduces errors and data corruption issues. The more things can be automated with software robots, the better the data is going to be.EP: Interesting. Going back to when you were creating EnableSoft, and I'm assuming during this period that you were developing the concept of robotic processing automation 25 years ago, did you know that you're going to – I'm assuming you did not know that you were going to build this into a large business and then be able to sell it 25 years later. When you first started the company, it was simply to answer the need that was in front of you, correct?RM: Yes. I was just trying to so
38 minutes | Jul 30, 2019
TSI001: Deferring Capital Gains Tax
  Watch the Video Learn About Investing in Notes THE SOPHISTICATED INVESTOR EPISODE 001TAX DEFERRED STRATEGY USING 1031 EXCHANGESEE: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, your host of The Sophisticated Investor. The Sophisticated Investor is an incredible community, which is focused on education, training and collaboration to help each of our members, and that includes you, to build, protect and preserve your families’ generational wealth. Now, I believe that we truly have a unique and one-of-a-kind educational community. For one, I believe that there are four primary markets, not just one. I believe that those four primary markets include your personal finance and mindset market. I believe the second market is your hard, tangible asset market. I believe that the third market is your stock and paper market. I believe the fourth market is your business investing market. Now those four markets are imperative to be able to understand and then call yourself a sophisticated investor. Today, we have an incredible guest, who is going to educate us on their preferred market of investing, as well as the assets that they like to invest in. Please join me as we welcome today's guest.EE: Hello, everyone. This is Edwin Epperson, your host for The Sophisticated Investor. Thank you for joining us today. As the name indicates, The Sophisticated Investor, we are a community, a group of investors who are looking to build, protect and preserve our generational wealth for education, training and collaboration. This is our purpose and mission. Our purpose is to build a community dedicated to increasing their financial and business acumen through education, training and collaboration, so as to become considered a sophisticated investor. Now our mission statement; we empower each of our members through education, training and collaboration to build, protect and preserve their families’ generational wealth and to make a lasting impact for good. Today, we have with us Dave Foster from the 1031 Exchange Group. He is going to be talking to us about a strategy that sophisticated investors utilize when it comes to selling their hard, tangible assets. Now remember, we are still in Q2 of 2019. In second quarter, we always talk about our tangible assets. This regard, the 1031 exchange is in relation to selling your real estate. Dave, thank you very much for coming on the show. Welcome.DF: Thank you, Edwin. It is absolutely great to be here today. It's interesting that sometimes, the most important thing isn't how much you make, it's how much you save after you make it, right?EE: Absolutely.DF: That's where the 1031 Exchange lives. It is the opportunity that investors have to sell real estate that they've made a profit in, or that they've taken substantial depreciation tax benefits from over the years; sell that real estate and purchase new real estate, in part using those tax dollars. By doing that in a proper way, they're able to defer the payment of that tax that would normally be due on that sale. Now, think about the power of that. When we start talking about it's not how much you make, it's how much you save at the end, this is the opportunity to add anywhere from 20% to 35% of the profit from your real estate transactions to be used for your benefit moving forward. Now, to give an illustration how powerful that can be, let's start with two investors, just a little example. Two investors are going to start with the same property and they’re going to have the exact same appreciation, they’re going to purchase the exact same replacement property. The only difference is going to be that investor A is going to do a 1031 exchange, investor B is going to pay the tax. Let’s assume that it's going to be between federal and state, a 20% tax here. Look at after five years with a $100,000 gain, investor B is going to pay his tax, he now is left with $400,000 from back, or $80,000 from that sale, I'm sorry, to purchase a $400,000 property using $80,000 as a down payment. Look at investor A, they didn't pay the tax. Now they've got a larger down payment to work with. They can actually purchase a $500,000 property. If you look at that far right column, they still owe $20,000 don’t they? Because of the tax deferral. Look at here five, they're ready to sell that property. They're going to do the same thing. Now, all right, calm investor A is starting to quite a bit of tax. Look at how much property they are able to control for their benefit by using that deferred tax as additional down payment? Investor B is in pretty good shape, right? They don’t owe anybody anything, but they're starting to be able to purchase less and less property compared to the investor who's using the 1031 exchange. Year 10, we go out we just start to see this trend decreasing, now investor A is able to control almost a million dollars more in real estate. This is only after 10 years. Now we never ignore that own a huge tax bill, but in the meantime, they're making the money off of that 2.8 million in real estate. Fast-forward to the end of what many would consider a normal real estate investing career, well though I got to tell you, you and I are both discovering this, it's one of those things where you almost can't get out, right? You're in for life. Let's say at the end of year 20, these two investors want to start to slow down, exit the rat-race. Investor A has a portfolio of a million dollars in real estate. They owe almost half a million in taxes. If they were to liquidate, look at how much more they would generate after tax dollars, versus investor B, who doesn't know anything in tax, but is only controlling a portfolio of four and a half million. Now this is just an illustration, a simple example of what Albert Einstein called what, the eighth wonder of the world; compound interest.EE: There you go.DF: The idea is that those dollars in my hands can benefit me and then the benefit of those, start to benefit me and the interest on the interest on the interest, as long as I'm able to hang on to the money. It's really nothing different than exactly what everybody has been doing for decades using tax deferred IRAs and 401Ks, because when the interest is in your hands, you get to make the interest on that interest and use that for your benefit. That's the motivation when using the 1031 exchange. Yeah. The devils are the details of course. There's some very rigid requirements that all have to be met for the 1031 to be valid. We’re going to just have a chance to touch on each one of these this morning, but we can flush them out at a later date. The first requirement is it's got to be held for investment. The second and third are that there's some very stringent timing requirements that must be met. There's this animal called the qualified intermediary that has to process the 1031 exchange for you. As you can imagine, when the IRAs is going to let you keep your tax dollars, it's not something that they really are comfortable doing, so they want to add a level of protection from abuse. That's called the qualified intermediary. Think of that as one of those, “I'm from the government. I'm here to help kind of moments. Believe us. That's who we are.” There's some requirements on a title must be held. Then of course, the question that's on everybody's mind, “Well, how is it that I have to reinvest my cash? What is it that's going to allow me to defer all my tax?” If you can meet all six of these requirements, maybe you have completed a successful 1031 exchange, you will get to defer payment on the tax, have a substantial depreciation redemption. As long as you own that replacement real estate, you will never have to pay that tax. That's the teaser that I want in everybody's mind right now as we get ready to go forward. As long as you own that property, you'll never pay the tax. As long as any time you sell that property and do a 1031 exchange, you'll never pay the tax. Pretty awesome concept, isn’t it?EE: That is pretty incredible.DF: Let's dive right in the first requirement, properties can be held for investment. The use of the property is going to be the key. It's any property, real estate that is held for trade, like in your trade as a shoe cobbler, or your trade as a manufacturer of some sorts, any property itself for business use. I have a strip center and I put businesses in that and I rent those shops out. Or today's hero, the small, singular multifamily real estate investor, it's my business that I own properties for rental, or holding properties for investment. I buy a property today, because in the future, that property will appreciate over time. Any real estate that is held with that intent qualifies for 1031 exchange. You can sell that real estate, yet purchase any other type of real estate, as long it is all for those same purposes.EE: Now Dave, real quick, ask a question. The exchange, the holding of property and then exchanging it for property of like kind, it sounds like it's more – its intent is exchanging property for the same intent. Can you exchange a let's say somebody buys a little single-family home and exchange that into a six-unit multifamily?DF: Well, that's exactly right. You can exchange single families for multi-families, residential for commercial, industrial for agricultural. The type of real estate doesn't matter. You're absolutely right, it's the intent. Do you hold that real estate with an investment intent? I can see the cogs turning right now, right? Transitioning my real estate throughout the years from a sector where the appreciation is maxed, to a sector where the appreciation is still growing for one where cash flow is lighter, to where cash flow is heavier, or one where management is more active, to where management is more passive. All those kinds of things get factored into why you would want to sell and purchase other real estate. When you do the 1031 exchange, you're not having to pay the tax on
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