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WE HAVE A NEW WEBSITE!!!!! CHECK IT OUT!!!! https://thediabuddies.com   In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett discuss the controversy surrounding the Super Bowl ad that Dexcom made on Sunday. What was the goal/purpose of the ad? Was it to spread awareness of type 1 diabetes? Was it to spread awareness of the high prices of diabetes care? Or was it an advertisement for their product?   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content visit our website www.thediabuddies.com Follow us on: The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com

In this episode, Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno discuss the frustrations of diabetes "tech" failing, such as the pump, glucometer, CGM, insulin, etc. We walk through our thought process when we see a high blood glucose reading. Is it due to food, our physiology, or our "tech?" We also talk about the mental/emotional tax that it has on you when you do everything right and yet you have poor blood sugar control due to something that is so unexpected and not necessarily your fault.    PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 1:39 - Start/Introduction 3:13 - You See A High BG Reading What Is Your Problem Solving Thought Process 27:05 - When Tech Fails: Pumps and MDIs 31:42 - Glucometer and CGM Failure 39:51 - What Do You Do When One Hand As A Different BG Reading Than The Other? 49:10 - Emotional Impact Of Tech Failing  

In this episode, Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno discuss two of the most commonly used interventions, both in mainstream medical and functional medicine fields, Metformin and Berberine. Dr. Panno recently wrote a paper on this topic where he read through numerous research articles in order to gain more clarity and understanding of these two products (how they work and how effective they are). We get into the science behind them but also the clinical takeaways and what it all means. Below we reference all the articles used.    PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com  Time Stamps 1:10 - Start/Introduction 6:25 - Berberine: What Does It Do And How Effective Is It? 16:30 - Where Does Berberine Come From? 22:45 - Where Does Metformin Come From? 31:30 - How Does Metformin Work? (MOA) 39:50 - How Does Berberine Work? (MOA) 44:10 - Can you take Metformin and Berberine Together? 57:30 - Burst My Beta Cells   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: References Arayne, M., Sultana, N., & Bahadur, S., (2007). The berberis story: berberis vulgaris in therapeutics. Park J Pharm Sci; 20(1): 83-92. PMID: 17337435 Bailey, C., & Day, C., (2004). Metformin: its botanical background. Pract Diabetes Int; 21: 115-117. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.606 Bailey, C., & Day, C., (1989). Traditional plant medicines as treatments for diabetes. Diabetes Care; 12(8): 553-564. PMID: 2673695 Center of Disease Control (2020). National Diabetes Statistic Report 2020, Estimates of Diabetes and its burden in the united states. Retrieved at: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf Chang, W., Zhang, M., Li, J., Meng, Z., Wei, S., Du, H., Chen, L., & Hatch, G., (2013). Berberine improves insulin resistance in cardiomyocytes via activation of 5’adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. Metabolism; 62(8): 1159-1167. PMID: 23537779 Chang, W., Chen, L., & Hatch, G., (2015). Berberine as a therapy for type 2 diabetes and its complication: from mechanism of action to clinical studies. Biochem Cell Biol; 93(5): 479-486. PMID: 19800084 Cheuh, W., & Lin, J., (2012). Protective effect of berberine on serum glucose levels in non-obese diabetic mice. International Immunopharmacology; 12(3): 534-538. PMID: 22266065 Choi, YH., & Lee, MG., (2006). Effects of enzyme inducers and inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of metformin in rats: involvement of CYP2C11, 2D1, 3A1/2 for the metabolism of metformin. B J Pharmacol; 149(4): 424-30. PMID: 16940989 ClinCal (2020). The Top 200 Drugs of 2021. Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Retrieved at: https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top200Drugs.aspx Dong, H., Wang, H., Zhao, L., & Lu, F., (2012). Berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Evidence Based complement alternative med; 2012: 591654. PMID: 23118793 Elbere, I., Kalnina, I., Silamikelis, I., Konrade, I., Zaharenko, L., Sekace, K., et al., Klovins, J., (2018). Association of metformin administration with gut microbiome dysbiosis in healthy volunteers. PLoS One; 13(9): e0204317. PMID: 30261008 Foretz, M., Herbrad, S., Leclerc, J., Zarrinpashneh, E., Soty, M., Mithieux, G., et al., & Viollet, B., (2010). Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice independently of LKB1/AMPK pathway via a decrease in hepatic energy state. The Journal of Clinical investigation; 120(7): 2355-2369. PMID: 20577053 Fullerton, M., Galic, S., Marcinko, K., Sikkema, S., Pulinikunnil, T., Chen, Z., et al., & Steinberg, G., (2013). Single phosphorylation sites in ACC1 and ACC2 regulate lipid homeostasis in the insulin-sensitizing effects of metformin. Nat Med; 19(12): 1649-1654. PMID: 24185692 Lan, J., Zhao, Y., Dong, F., Yan, Z., Zheng, W., Fan, J., & Sun, G., (2015). Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia, and hypertension. Journal of Ethnopharmacology; 16H: 69-81. PMID: 25498346 Le Bastard, Q., Grégoire, M., Chapelet, G., Javaudin, F., Dailly, E., Batard, E., Montassier, E., Al, G. G. A., & Knights, D. (2018). Systematic review: human gut dysbiosis induced by non‐antibiotic prescription medications. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 47(3), 332. PMID: 29205415  Li, Y., Wang, Y., Kong, W., Yang, P., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Yi, H., et al., & Jiang, J., (2011). Bioactivates of berberine metabolites after transformation throughout CYP450 isoenzymes. Journal of translational medicine; 9(62): 62. PMID: 21569619 Liang, Y., Xu, X., Yin, M., Zhang, Y., Haung, L., Chen, R., & Ni, J., (2019). Effects of berberine on blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Endocrine Journal; 66(1): 51-63. PMID: 30393248 Lyu, Y., Zhang, Y., Yang, M., Lin, L., Yang, X., Cheung, S., et al., & Zuo, Z., (2019). Pharmacokinetic interactions between metformin and berberine in rats: Role of oral administration sequences and microbiota. Life Sciences; 235: 116818. PMID: 31473193 Mao, L., Chen, Q., Gong, K., Xu, X., Xie, Y., Zhang W., et al., & Zhang, Y., (2018). Berberine decelerates glucose metabolism via suppression of mTOR-dependent HIF-1α protein synthesis in colon cancer cells. Oncol Rep; 39(5). 2436-2442. PMID: 29565467 Miller, R., Chu, Q., Xie, J., Foretz, M., Viollet, B., & Birnbaum, M., (2013). Biguanides suppress hepatic glucagon signaling by decreasing production of cyclic AMP. Nature; 494(7436):256-260. PMID: 23292513 Neag, M., Mocan, A., Echeverria, J., Pop, R., Bocsan, C., Crisan, G., & Buzoianu, A., (2018). Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders. Front Pharmacology; 9: 557. PMID: 30186157 Owen, M., Doran, E., & Halestrap, A., (2000). Evidence that metformin exerts its anti-diabetic effects through inhibition of complex 1 of the mitochondria respiratory chain. Biochem J; 348; 607-614. PMID: 10839993 Petersen, M., American Diabetes Association. Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Diabetes care; 41(5): 917-928. PMID: 29567642 Pryor R., & Cabreiro F., (2015). Repurposing metformin: an old drug with new tricks in its binding pockets. Biochemical Journal; 471(3): 307-322. PMID: 26475449 Ren, G., Guo, J., Quian, Y., Kong, W., & Jiang, J., (2020). Berberine improves glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells through AMPKα1 activation. Front Pharmacology; 11: 647. PMID: 32457629 Yin, J., Xing, H., & Ye, J., (2008). Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism; 57(5): 712-717. PMID: 18442638 Yue, S., Liu, J., Wang, W., Wang, A., Yang, X., Guan, H., Wang, C., & Yan, D., (2019). Berberine treatment-emergent mild diarrhea associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Biomed Pharmacother; 116: 109002. PMID: 31154270 Zhang, H., Wei, J., Xue, R., Wu, J., Zhao, W., Wang, Z., et al., & Jiang, J., (2010). Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression. Metabolism; 59(2): 285-292. PMID: 19800084 Zhou, G., Myers, R., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Shen, X., Fenyk-Melody, J., et al., & Moller, D., (2001). Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanisms of metformin action. The Journal of Clinical Investigation; 108(8): 1167-1174. PMID: 27654259

In this, episode Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett have the pleasure of hearing Brandon Mouw's incredible journey from developing brittle diabetes to receiving a lifesaving pancreas-only transplant. His story is truly incredible. He has gone through so many struggles from trying to stay alive through years of battling constant lows to jumping through the hoops of trying to qualify and raise the money for a pancreas-only transplant. This is a great interview that you are guaranteed to enjoy. If you would like to connect with Brandon follow him on Instagram (@brandonmouwofficial) or visit his website https://brandonmouw.com/ . And look for his new book coming in 2021!   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 1:10 - Start/Introduction 3:45 - Brandon’s Diabetes Management Early In Life 13:35 - The Kidney Stone From Hell That Sabotaged Brandon’s Health 16:35 - Life As a Brittle Diabetic Fighting Constant Lows 25:40 - Trying To Find Answers 31:40 - Starting The Journey Back To Life 36:20 - Brandon’s Motivation To Keep Moving Forward 42:40 - Raising Money To Get A New Pancreas  55:40 - Waiting For THE CALL 1:01:50 - Getting THE CALL And Rushing Into Surgery 1:11:50 - The Uniqueness of A Pancreas-Only Transplant 1:19:10 - Recovering From Surgery And Preventing Rejection 1:36:00 - Coming Out The Other Side A Better Person And Trying To Stay Healthy 1:45:05 - How Does The New Pancreas Work? (I’m A Little Jealous) 1:50:50 - Burst My Beta Cells/ Diabetic Win  1:58:35 - Brandon’s Book and Contact Info  

In this Holiday Special, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett the chaos that the holidays bring into your health and how to combat it. We tell disastrous stories from past holiday celebrations and strategies that we use to avoid ending up in those situations again. We try to give you various tools that will hopefully allow you to successfully navigate the holiday season without derailing your health.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com  Time Stamps 1:10 - Start/Our Holiday Plans 4:55 - Chaotic Holiday Blood Sugar Stories 9:40 - Being Dialed In With Your Diabetes VS Being Dialed In With Your Health 18:35 - Mindset and Healthy Strategies Going Into The Holiday Season (Making Healthy Decisions) 28:20 - Grady’s Past Guilty Pleasures 32:25 - Grady’s Strategies To Avoid Those Guilty Pleasures 37:20 - Training Your Family To Allow You To Stay Healthy During Celebrations (Peer Pressure) 41:40 - Garrett’s Guilty Pleasure And Strategy/Mindset 45:05 - Strategies To Mitigate The Blood Sugar and Health Consequences If You ARE Going Off The Deep End With Your Diet 55:20 - Closing Tips To Get Through the Holidays As Healthy As Possible 59:15 - What We Are Looking Forward To For The Holidays And Next Year

In this episode, we have the pleasure of interviewing John Roth who was a commercial airline pilot for 20 years when his life was turned upside down by a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Since then he has been fighting for the ability of type 1 diabetics to earn a Class 1 and 2 medical certifications so that he and others can resume or pursue a career in aviation. We get into his struggles with the government, his diagnosis, and how he maintains such tight blood sugar control.  If you would like to contact John to show support or get guidance, you can contact him via email or social media.  Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/john.roth.1217) and instagram (@t1flyer) flyroth16@yahoo.com   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Suggested Facebook Groups: Pilots for the Advancement of Medical Standards https://www.facebook.com/PAMSApilots Flying with Diabetes https://www.facebook.com/groups/flyingwithdiabetes  AOPA (Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association) https://www.aopa.org/  GetInsulin.org   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com  Time Stamps 1:02 - Start 2:05 - John’s Diagnosis Story (Late in Life) 12:30 - Positive Mindsets Moving Forward 18:10 - Teaming Up With Other T1Ds  to Get Class 1 Medical Certification 29:15 - Proving T1Ds CAN Have Stable Blood Sugar and Setting “Tight” The Standards 36:15 - The Process of Figuring Out To Achieve “Tight” Control 45:15 - John’s Current Diet and Exercise Routine 56:35 - Carb Intake and Using Resistant Starches for Long Endurance Workouts 1:02:00 - Invest In Learning About Health (Most Of It Is Free) 1:04:05 - John’s Insulin Management (MDI) 1:08:00 - Coaching Other Diabetics (Type 1 and 2) To Achieve Better Blood Sugars 1:16:55 - Current Progress and Process To Get Class 1 Medical Certification Required To Fly Commercial Airplanes 1:28:40 - Current Process To Get Class 3 Medical Cert. (To Fly Private Planes) 1:31:25 - Future Goals for The T1D Airline Pilot Community 1:48:30 - Burst My Beta Cells  1:54:45 - Diabetic Win 1:59:10 - John’s Closing Thoughts and Advice

In this episode, Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno talk about planning and executing a successful camping trip as a type 1 diabetic. We go into figuring out how much supplies to bring, packing and storing insulin, strategies to manage BG throughout the trip, and the various factors that impact BG. We then talk about Thanksgiving and how we approach the holiday so as to not wreck ourselves.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com  Time Stamps 1:02 - Start 4:35 - Preparing For A Camping Trip 17:55 - Food While Camping 29:30 - Dosing Basal and Long-acting Insulin According to Activity 36:25 - How to Pack and Store Insulin When Camping 47:05 - Managing Blood Sugar When Swimming 58:20 - The Sum of All the Positive and Negative Effects That Occur during Camping 1:00:15 - Alcohol Consumption When Camping 1:04:55 - Thanksgiving: Grady’s Thoughts 

In this episode, Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno walk through different scenarios in regards to blood sugar management before and during a leg day workout. We both utilize very different strategies. Garrrett likes to change pump settings whereas Grady uses more of an MDI approach by using bolus doses and juice to manage blood sugar.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 1:02 - Start/Diabetes Awareness Month 5:55 - Types of Leg Day and Their Effect on Blood Sugar 21:15 - Leg Day Scenario 1 - Stable Blood Sugar at 120mg/dl for an Hour Before Workout 37:20 - Leg Day Scenario 2 - Stable Blood Sugar at 70-80mg/dl for an Hour Before Workout 45:55 - Leg Day Scenario 3 - Fasted Workout with a Stable Blood Sugar Going Into The Workout 56:40 - Leg Day Scenario 4 - Stable Blood Sugar at 60mg/dl or Below for an Hour Before Workout 1:08:25 - Leg Day Scenario 5 - Stable Blood Sugar at 200-220mg/dl for an Hour Before Workout 1:17:35 - Leg Day Scenario 6 - Yo-Yo Going High and Yo-Yo Going Low 1:28:30 - Wrap Up/Burst My Beta Cells 

In this episode, Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno discuss the obstacles of health. Primarily, we focus on the costs of mainstream healthcare, but also the expense of making healthier decisions like food, exercise, and individualized/preventative healthcare. And even though it's tough and it may not be our fault that we are in the condition of health that we are in, it is ultimately our responsibility to turn things around and strive for the best possible level of health. PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com  

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett talk with Jay Horley who was raised in the UK and now resides in Hong Kong, China and has been in the health and fitness industry for nearly a decade and a Type 1 diabetic since he was 14 years old. Jay shares his diabetic journey from struggles as a youth to digestive problems and nutrient deficiencies to where he is now which is successfully pursuing optimal health using a carnivore diet.  We dive deep into the carnivore diet, how it has changed his health, and how he manages his diabetes. This conversation was very interesting and eye-opening, to say the least.   You can follow Jay on Instagram @diabetic.carnivore   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 2:08 - Early Diabetic Years 9:01 - Some Differences In Diabetes Supplies In The United Kingdom and Asia 14:02 - HRV (Heart Rate Variability) & Gut Dysfunction Led Jay On His Quest For Optimal Health 20:39 - Taking The First Bite: Starting Carnivore 30:00 - Protein Volume and Calorie Volume 31:16 - Matching Different Insulin Types To Different Diets 44:40 - Meat:Organ Ratios 53:10 - Hypoglycemia On A Carnivore Diet 58:55 - HRV, Recovery, Overtraining 1:06:20 - Longevity And Sustainability Of Carnivore 1:11:45 - Intermittent Fasting With T1D 1:16:55 - Many Forms of Training And Diabetes Balance 1:30:50 - Burst My Beta Cells

Dr. Stephen Hussey is a Chiropractor, has a Masters in Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine, a very strong advocate of a low carb/animal based diet, has two books,  - The Health Evolution: Why Understanding Evolution is the Key to Vibrant Health and  - The Heart: Our Most Medically Misunderstood Organ Dr. Hussey has been on a number of podcasts and sees patients ranging from a variety of chronic different disorders such as heart disease, autonomic imbalances, diabetes and more.  And the coolest thing about Dr. Hussey, is he too is a type one diabetic! In this episode, we discuss many health topics ranging from diets, diabetes, insulin resistance/sensitivity, heart disease, immune function, allergies, among other things. It was a pleasure picking Dr. Hussey's brilliant mind. You can find Dr. Hussey on instagram @DrStephenHussey and on his website https://www.resourceyourhealth.com/   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 0:00 - Intro 1:56 - Dr. Hussey's T1D Story 6:33 - Good Pediatric Endocrinologist and Teenage Years 11:51 - 20+ Years of using an insulin pump and switching to MDI 13:20 - Animal/Carnivore based diet with Type 1 Diabetes Management 15:10 - How to "Lick a Cat" using diet to manage inflammatory conditions and pathways 21:29 - Constant Insulin Monitor? Insulin utilization in T1D vs non-Diabetic 29:13 - One Day or Day One - Dr. Hussey's passion for health 35:00 - The Greater impact of diet and health on the world around us 40:45 - Causes of Chronic Disease: More then just poor diet and exercise 42:00 - Toxins, Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Imbalances, EMFs 45:40 - How lifestyle impacts our autonomic balance 53:30 Creating balance in the ANS 1:01:16 - Diabetes and ANS imbalances 1:03:30 - Heart Disease as a Chronic Disease 1:06:41 - What is metabolic flexibility 1:13:20 - Insulin Metabolism and Misconceptions 1:20:29 - Vegetable oils - Insulin Sensitivity in Adipose isn't all its cracked up to be 1:29:47 - The understandable but unnecessary fear of "injecting too much insulin" as a T1D 1:32:40 - Why diabetics should focus more on inflammation 1:38:00 - Burst My Beta Cells 1:48:09 - More info on Dr. Hussey

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett continue their conversation from last episode on the article "Modeling insulin resistance in rodents by alterations in diet: what have high-fat and high-calorie diets revealed?" This time we dive into how diets effect glucose metabolism, but how to also keep in mind your health goals when implementing a dietary lifestyle.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps: 0:00 - Appreciating Nutritional Research Critically 4:40 - Range of Fat % in High Fat Diets (HFD) and Keto 11:30 - How Different Fatty Acids Create Different Metabolic Changes 14:50 - HFD + Omega 3 Supps Improve Insulin Sensitivity 19:30 - Saturated Fat Lengths and Fatty Sources 22:35 - Dr. Donohoe's MANY uses for coconut oil 27:35 - High Fat/High Sucrose (HSHS) diets AKA Standard American Diet (SAD) 29:55 - Epigenetics and HFHS 34:33 - Epigenetics and T1D Patterns 37:43 - Expansion on the SAD 43:00 - "Cafeteria" and "Choice" diets 46:48 - High Carb Diets (HCD): Picking a side is better then the combo 55:10 - HCD effect on Insulin Resistance (IR) 56:10 - Fructose's role on Hepatic IR 1:06:49 - Controls in HCD vs HFD 1:10:25 - Playing Devils Advocate Against One's Own Bias 1:14:10 - Altering Protein Content in Diets 1:18:23 - Dr. Panno's attempt at Amino Acid case study 1:20:50 - Protein Powder vs Food Sources 1:23:52 - Diabetic Win: Bone Broth Protein and night time blood sugars 1:27:00 - Diabetic Win: Mr. Incredible at Medtronic   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Small, Lewin, et al. “Modeling Insulin Resistance in Rodents by Alterations in Diet: What Have High-Fat and High-Calorie Diets Revealed?” American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 314, no. 3, 2018, doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00337.2017.

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett discuss the mechanisms of insulin resistance in various tissues in the body (muscle, liver, fat). This leads to several digressions about lifestyle habits that will that will affect these tissues directly to improve insulin resistance, such as exercise and muscle glucose metabolism. We also talk about what "Bursts Our Beta Cells" and a diabetic win that we recently had.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps: 0:36 - Grady's "Burst My Beta Cells": Insurance and Pharmacies 9:53 - Garrett's "Bursts My Beta Cells": Margaritas, Celebration and T1D 15:03 - Diet Induced Obesity for Insulin Resistance (IR) Models and Studies 22:04 - Importance of Muscle Physiology 25:50 - Moving Your Body for Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity 35:10 - 4 Major IR Models within Myocytes (Muscle Cells) 37:19 - Intracellular Lipids within Myocytes (Muscle Cells) 41:53 - Explanation on Glucose Sparing 45:07 - Athlete Paradox with Intracellular Lipids 50:06 - TAGs and Lipid Panels in Context of Muscle Physiology 55:10 - Mitochondria Dysfunction within Myocytes 1:02:38 - IR within Hepatocytes (Liver Cells) Definition 1:12:58 - IR in the Liver and NAFLD 1:15:43 - IR Liver Leads to Increased Lipogenesis and Transportation 1:19:33 - Brief Discussion on IR and Adipose Tissue 1:23:58 - Personal Diabetes Win   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Small, Lewin, et al. “Modeling Insulin Resistance in Rodents by Alterations in Diet: What Have High-Fat and High-Calorie Diets Revealed?” American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 314, no. 3, 2018, doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00337.2017.

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett discuss all things fat. We get into the differences in dietary fat, body fat, and visceral fat. We also go over saturated fatty acids, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega fatty acids, what they all are and what they do for/to the human body. We then touch on the ketogenic diet and how all of this affects insulin sensitivity.   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps: 2:33 - What is basic insulin resistance? 6:00 - How T1D and T2D use insulin differently 9:00 - Efficiency of insulin sensitivity (IS) 12:05 - Markers of IS 13:05 - Lipid Panel and it's relationship to IS 21:15 - C-peptide and other biomarkers of IS 24:07 - Adipose Tissue Threshold Theory 31:12 - Dietary Carbs and Fats 36:30 - Different types of Fats 39:05 - Saturated fats in food vs Saturated fats in the blood 44:47 - Omega 3's and Omega 6's 56:00 - Is ketosis magical? 1:01:50 - Timing of Carbs 1:03:15 - Epilepsy and the brain with keto 1:10:35 - Individualized Nutrition and Medicine 1:17:13 - What really bursts your beta cells?   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Adeva-Adany, M., Martinez-Rodriguez, J., Gonzalez-Lucan, M., Fernadez-Fernadez, C., Castro-Quintela, E., (2019). Insulin Resistance is a cardiovascular risk factor in humans.  Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews; 13(2): 1449-1455. Retrieved at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871402119300785 Cox, N., Gibas, S., Salisbury, M., Gomer, J., & Gibas, K., (2019). Ketogenic diets potentially reverse Type II diabetes and ameliorate clinical depression: a case study. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews; 13(2): 1475-1479. Retrieved at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871402119300189 Nunes, E., & Rafacho, A., (2017). Implications of Palmitoleic Acid (Palmitoleate) On Glucose Homeostasis, Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. Current Drug Targets; 18(6): 619-628. Retrieved at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26648072/ Ricci, A., Idzikowski, M., Soares, C., & Brietzke, E., (2020). Exploring the mechanisms of action of the antidepressant effect of the ketogenic diet. Reviews in Neuroscience; ahead of print, https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0073, retrieved at:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32406387/ Strandberg, Timo E., et al. “Increased Mortality Despite Successful Multifactorial Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Healthy Men: 40-Year Follow-Up of the Helsinki Businessmen Study Intervention Trial.” The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, vol. 22, no. 8, 2018, pp. 885–891., doi:10.1007/s12603-018-1099-0 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30272088/    Vazquez-Jimenez, J., Chavez-Reyes, J., Romero-Garcia, T., … & Olivares-Reyes J., (2016). Cell Signal; 28(1): 59-59. Retrieved at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26475209/ Xiong, SW., Cao, J., Liu, XM., Deng, XM., Liu, Z., & Zhang, FT., (2015). Effect of modification ROux-enY Gastric Bypass Surgery on GLP-1, GIP, in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Gastroenterology Research and Practice; 625196. Retrieved at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4488585/#:~:text=The%20results%20suggested%20that%20modified,glucose%20of%20patients%20with%20T2DM. Volk, B., Kunces, L., Freidenreich, D., … & Volek, J., (2019). Effects of Step-Wise Increases in Dietary Carbohydrate on Circulating Saturated Fatty Acids and Palmitoleic Acid in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. PLOS ONE; 9(11): retrieved at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0113605  

In this episode Dr. Donohoe and Dr. Panno discuss digestion, post-prandial (post-meal) glucose, and how they each affect one another.  We go over several studies that assess gastric emptying time (rate of digestion) and its impact on post-prandial glucose spikes and stability. We cover the various things that can change gastric emptying time and how you can use this information to better control your blood sugar. PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Time Stamps 2:11 - Why Carbs are not the only factor for dosing a meal? 4:20 - Defining Post-Prandial Glucose and Gastric Emptying (GE) 6:05 - Common Symptoms for Digestive Issues for Non-Diabetics, Type 1’s and Type 2’s 9:52 - The 3 Main Factors that affect the Postprandial response 14:40 - You can get Neuropathy on your stomach? Autonomic Neuropathy and Digestion 22:25 - More Accurate (Nerdy) Definition of Gastric Emptying  23:45 - The 3 Main Factors of Macronutrients and their Impact on Gastric Emptying 27:00 - Blood Sugar’s Impact on the Motility of Food in Non Diabetics and Diabetics  34:51 - Meal Characteristics with the macronutrients (Carb/Protein/Fat) 43:16 - Cholecystectomy (Removal of Gallbladder), and its impact on Digestion and therefore Blood Sugar 50:03 - Different Insulin Dosage Strategies for different macronutrients  57:56 - SO WHAT? How can we use GE in the future to manage blood sugar? 1:10:41 - Applying GE to specific diets (Keto/Vegan/Low Carb, etc) and other health conditions  1:14:39 - Bursts My Beta cells   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Lupoli, Roberta, et al. “Gastric Emptying Impacts the Timing of Meal Glucose Peak in Subjects With Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 103, no. 6, 2018, pp. 2269–2276., doi:10.1210/jc.2017-02811. Lupoli, Roberta, et al. “Postprandial Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Importance of the Gastric Emptying Rate.” Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 7, 2019, p. 1559., doi:10.3390/nu11071559. Marathe, Chinmay S., et al. “Hypoglycaemia and Gastric Emptying.” Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, vol. 21, no. 3, 2018, pp. 491–498., doi:10.1111/dom.13570. Smart, C. E. M., et al. “Both Dietary Protein and Fat Increase Postprandial Glucose Excursions in Children With Type 1 Diabetes, and the Effect Is Additive.” Diabetes Care, vol. 36, no. 12, 2013, pp. 3897–3902., doi:10.2337/dc13-1195.

In this episode Dr. Grady Donohoe outlines one of the greatest advancements in blood sugar management. With CGMs, both diabetics (type 1 and 2) and non-diabetics can so much data from these little devices that they can use to master the balancing act of staying "in range" and lowering HbA1c. He talks about the difference of CGMs and finger stick glucometers, the 3 available CGM systems, and how to use them to make less guesses and more educated decisions when it comes to managing your blood sugar (whether you are diabetic or not). PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Beck, Roy W., et al. “Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using Insulin Injections.” Jama, vol. 317, no. 4, 2017, p. 371., doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19975. Lind, Marcus, et al. “Continuous Glucose Monitoring vs Conventional Therapy for Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Treated With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections.” Jama, vol. 317, no. 4, 2017, p. 379., doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19976. Shah, Viral N, et al. “Continuous Glucose Monitoring Profiles in Healthy Nondiabetic Participants: A Multicenter Prospective Study.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 104, no. 10, 2019, pp. 4356–4364., doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02763.

In this episode we interview the Kash Family (Connor, Elizabeth, and Bryan). Their whole world changed when Connor was diagnosed at the age of 4. There are a lot of challenges that come with having a young one with T1D. We had a great time talking with Connor, who is now 12, and his parents and hearing how they have overcome those challenges. It was also inspiring to hear their attitude and mindset in regards to owning diabetes and not letting it stop Connor from living his life. This is a great podcast for families going through a similar situation or anyone looking for a positive uplifting conversation that will make their day brighter.   Episode Contents: 1:55 - Connor's Diagnosis from his parent's point of view 10:45 - Adaptations and Carb Counting as a Family 19:05 - T1D and Starting School 22:45 - First Experiences with CGMs 29:00 - Using CGMs as a kid in school 33:44 - Involvement in the Diabetic Community 43:35 - Experiences with injecting insulin as a family 46:00 - Empowering Connor to take control of his diabetes 51:14 - Placement of diabetes Tech for an active kid 54:25 - Connor's challenges of self management 1:03:10 - Parenting Experiences 108:58 - Not allowing diabetes to stop you 1:14:03 - If others could only know... 1:29:14 - "Burst My Beta Cells" and wrap up   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com

     In this episode we have the pleasure of interviewing Rodney Miller who is a Type 1 diabetic with a passion for strength training. Rodney is the founder of Bolus and Barbells, a non-profit organization that hosts events that provides lectures and hands-on education about resistance training as a type 1 diabetic. He also does one-on-one coaching for diabetics that are looking to maximize their performance while controlling their blood sugar. Rodney takes us through the challenges that many diabetics face when strength training and strategies to successfully navigate them. To find out more about Rodney and his organization: - bolusandbarbells.org - Follow Bolus and Barbells on Facebook and Instagram - You can also follow him on Instagram at @StrongLikeTroll   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com

In this episode Dr. Grady Donohoe and Dr. Garrett Panno discuss several strategies to support the various systems in your body that play a role in how your body fights off disease. Also, Garrett has some big news to share with us!! Episode Contents: 2:05 - Wholistic Mindset To Fighting Off Disease 3:45 - Barrier Systems (Skin, GI Tract, Lungs) 7:50 - The Gut and Probiotics 17:00 - High Carbs, Insulin Resistance and Immune System 20:45 - Stress Responses and the HPA Axis 24:05 - Sleep Strategies 27:30 - Posture and the Lymphatic System 30:03 - Circulation, Detoxification, and Elimination Considerations 39:04 - Vitamin D - Immune Modulator 42:23 - Vitamin A and C 47:50 - Garrett's Big Announcement! PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode:   Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review (2019): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31752913         Influence of Resveratrol on the Immune Response (2019): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31035454         Modulation of immunity and inflammatory gene expression in the gut in Inflammatory diseases of the gut and in the liver by probiotics. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400447         Resveratrol therapeutic combines both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties against respiratory infection by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (2017): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29038519         Resveratrol reduces liver endoplasmic stress and improves insulin sensitivity in vivo and in vitro (2019): https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.uws.idm.oclc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6505469/         Role of immune cells in obesity induced low grade inflammation and insulin resistance (2017): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28285710         Vitamin D as an Immunomodulator: Risks with Deficiencies and Benefits of Supplementation (2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4939543/         Vitamin D Nutrient, Hormone and Immunomodulator (2018): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30400332

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Garrett attempt to clear up the question, "what does it mean to be "immune compromised"? As diabetics we are often told that we are immune compromised or immune deficient, but is it that simple? Simply diabetic, does automatically mean we are immune compromised? We address these questions and attempt to provide a more complete picture of the immune system in relation to fighting off disease, and the many body systems that work with your immune system to get the job done. They also talk about various factors that can suppress the immune system and its ability to fight infections. Table of Contents: 3:07 - What is immunocompromised/immune deficient? 6:35 - CBC w/ diff break down 12:40 - Lymphatic system and the immune system 22:25 - What does immune compromised mean for diabetics? 26:35 - Diabetics' general infection and complication risk 30:00 - How the immune system of a diabetic is different 35:00 - The type of infection that diabetics are at greater risk for 36:20 - High blood sugar while you are sick 39:00 - Lymphocytopenia with COVID-19 and diabetes 41:44 - Do you need to have additional fear as a diabetic specifically? 45:10 - Co-morbidities and considerations for overall health 57:03 - Cardiovascular system, hypertension and Sars-CoV-2   PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page. Twitter: @TheDiabuddies Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com   Resources/Links Discussed in the episode: Holt, R.I.G., Cockram, C.S., Flyvbjerg, A., Goldstein, B.J., (2017). Chapter 55, p799, Diabetes and Infections. Textbook of Diabetes, Fifth Edition. Wiley Blackwell publishing. Knipe, H., & Bell, DJ., (April 2020). COVID-19. Radiopedia. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/covid-19-3?lang=us Hawryluk, M., (April 6 2020). Mysterious Heart Damage, Not Lung Troubles, Befalling COVID-19 Patients. Kaiser Health News. https://khn.org/news/mysterious-heart-damage-not-just-lung-troubles-befalling-covid-19-patients/ (March 2020). Here’s the Damage Coronavirus (COVID-19) Can do to Your Lungs. Cleveland Clinic, Health Essentials. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/heres-the-damage-coronavirus-covid-19-can-do-to-your-lungs/ Life with T1D, (March 24, 2020). Your Coronavirus Questions Answered. JDRF. https://www.jdrf.org/blog/2020/03/24/answering-your-questions-coronavirus/ Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., et al., (2020). Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, Chian. JAMA; 323(11): 1061-1069. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761044 Patel, PS., Buras, ED., & Balasubramanyam, A., (2013). The Role of the Immune System in Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Journal of Obesity; 616193:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3618935/