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The following episode discusses the positive and negative effects of social media through the lens of our hosts Laura Ragel and Jennifer Cohen and guest Maria Murumaa-Mengel. Covering topics such as social comparison, FOMO, social monitoring, internet regulations, and more.  This episode was hosted by Laura Ragel, Jennifer Cohen and Maria Muramaa-Mengel as a guest. Recorded by Jonathan Cohen and edited by Katariina Loog.  For more information check out the following links: The TedTalk: https://youtu.be/Czg_9C7gw0o  Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2021). Dark consequences of social media-induced fear of missing out (FoMO): Social media stalking, comparisons, and fatigue. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 171, 120931 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162521003632  DataReportal (2021), “Digital 2021 Estonia”, retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-estonia  Weinstein, E., Kleiman, E. M., Franz, P. J., Joyce, V. W., Nash, C. C., Buonopane, R. J., & Nock, M. K. (2021). Positive and negative uses of social media among adolescents hospitalized for suicidal behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 87, 63-73.  https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ezproxy.tlu.ee/doi/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.003 

The working environment's ethics. working from home vs.  working from office during and after the Covid-19. There was a major shift in the workplace during the Covid-19 outbreak in the year 2020, the world’s response to this outbreak has caused in the most rapid transformation of the work environment, and working from home was the option employed by lots of companies across the globe to contain the spread Covid-19 while rendering essential services to its customers. Today, working from home becomes the new normal and we have gone from digitalizing the relationship between firm and customer to the digitalizing the relations between employer and employee. Now, working environment plays a salient role with regards to the employee’s performance, it also influences the output either in a negative or positive light. This is something we will discuss today with our guest Farhan James. This episode was made by Petra Suominen, Gustavs Kolečis, Jude Opara, Temitope Emmanuel Aluko and Gift Akoto. Enjoy our episode and check other episodes from Tallinn University Student Podcast!

In this podcast episode we talk about food and how it all affects our bodies.  Can veganism be unhealthy?   Who lives in our stomach and other interesting questions that our quest Diana Zintsenko will answer. Diana Zintsenko from Estonian Association of Nutrition Advisers, is a nutritionist with two years of experience in nutritional counseling. Diana shares her knowledge on the topic of veganism in this podcast. How the vegan diet influences ones health, pros and cons, the worldview of a vegan and some extra information about general food consumption. Enjoy your meal and your podcast!

Even today crow intelligence and habits remain highly understudied. How close these creatures actually are to humans in intelligence and what impact does it have on the way we treat corvid societies? In this episode, we discuss the intelligence and social behavior of corvids, as well as their relationship with humans.  This episode was made by Maxwell Olney, Jana Mežujeva, and Fiona Siiv. We hope that you will enjoy our episode and start loving corvids just as much as we love them. Make sure to check out other episodes from Tallinn University Student Podcast as well! If you are interested in the topic, more information can be found in the following sources: Wimpenny, J. H., Weir, A. A. S., Clayton, L., Rutz, C., & Kacelnik, A. (2009). Cognitive Processes Associated with Sequential Tool Use in New Caledonian Crows. PLoS ONE, 4(8), 1–16. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tlu.ee/10.1371/journal.pone.0006471 The social structure of New Caledonian crows. J.C.Holzhaider M.D.Sibley A.H.Taylor P.J.Singh R.D.Gray G.R.Hunt https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347210003532?casa_token=W495-g-DABgAAAAA:LVQNPXUGjPhdj0GJ9bRNfqNlEuurKDTNA-yDftW4PG2imHds9Nb2-5NIXuZv_jvNk7iQqOpW

The following podcast intends to explain what voluntary childlessness is and how many people in the world are voluntarily childfree. Different aspects of the childfree lifestyle are covered, including the effects of having a child due to economic situation, social norms, religion, career and many more. Together with our guest Sille-Kadri Simer we also speak about her history of being childfree and how she came to that decision. This episode was hosted by Kirke Hiob and Mikk Tarros, recorded by Jennifer Marisse Cohen and edited by Mary Kobah-Koate. Special thanks to our supervisor Terry McDonald for his encouragement and support! We hope that you enjoy our episode and thank you for listening! For more information, check out these sources: Blackstone, A., Stewart, M. D. (2012). Choosing to be Childfree: Research on the Decision Not to Parent. Sociology Compass, 1-10. Choosing to be Childfree: Research on the Decision Not to Parent (umaine.edu) Harrington, R. (2019). Childfree by Choice. Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 20(1), 22–35. Childfree by Choice: Studies in Gender and Sexuality: Vol 20, No 1 (tandfonline.com) Livingston, G., Cohn, D. (2010). Childlessness Up Among All Women; Down Among Women with Advanced Degrees. Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project. Childlessness Up Among All Women; Down Among Women with Advanced Degrees | Pew Research Center Mollen, D. (2006). Voluntarily Childfree Women: Experiences and Counseling Consideration. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 28(3), 269-284. 64122d_Ins Text.qxd5 (researchgate.net) Suija, H. (2020). Vabatahtlik lastetus: põhjused, miks Eesti mehed ja naised ei soovi lapsi saada (thesis). suija_heleene_ma_2020.pdf (ut.ee)

In today's world, the role of media is evidently manifesting in every sphere of human existence. Society is heavily influenced by media in a positive and negative way due to the fact that the information we consume shapes our opinion and judgement on various matters of concern. Today we have a large quantity of misinformation that is traveling within the both fields of media.  In this episode we explore with professor Elizabeth Losh who is a media theorist and digital rhetoric scholar: the effectiveness of consuming a piece of information between two mediums of dispensation. How can we spot misinformation and fake news or is it even possible?  This episode was made by Petra Suominen, Gustavs Kolečis, Jude Opara, Temitope Emmanuel Aluko and Gift Akoto. Enjoy our episode and check other episodes from Tallinn University Student Podcast!

Dive in to the mind of cyberbullies and why the world has to learn to live with them.  Why do people bully and how we can fight against cyberbullying to make a better and safer online experience... Or can we? We discuss this and many other interesting questions about cyberbullying with Erik Rüütel in this podcast episode. Erik Rüütel is a psychologist, trainer, manager and doctoral student of social sciences at Tallinn University. Erik Rüütel is currently a member of the board and leading consultant of the Addicere Consulting Center, lecturer of Communication and Crisis Psychology at the Academy of Internal Affairs.

Today there are many grading systems in schools. But why do we still get grades in universities? In this episode we are discussing formative and inclusive assessments in university. What are the positive effects on students and what are the possible threats to this sort of grading system. With us sharing her thoughts was Tallinn University's Junior researcher Gertha Teidla-Kunitsõn. This episode is made by Desiree Talv, Urmi Uuspõld and Ada Maria Lee If you want to learn more about the topic of grading, then check out these sources! Jürimäe, M., Kärner, A. & Tiisvelt, L. (2014). Kujundav hindamine kui õppimist toetav hindamine: õpetajakoolituse õppematerjal. Tartu: Eesti Ülikoolide Kirjastus Burns, D. E., Purcell, J. H. (2019). A formative assessment compromise to the grading debate. ASCD. https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/a-formative-assessment-compromise-to-the-grading-debate

Have you ever landed the job in 20 minutes ? Piret Jamnes will share the story about how people have done this and also give useful tips such as the concept of Ikigai. This episode is a short guide on how to land a job as a student or even as a non-student during Covid-19. We will be discussing how the work environment has changed over the past 2 years. Guest: Piret Jamnes from talent agency Fontes. Team: Nicole Pissareva, Vivian Valkma, Sadik Hossain, Kristina Dushina, Veera Wahlroos, Justina Chinedu Oti Thank You: Terry McDonald and Avo Ulvik Refences: https://www.fontes.ee/en/about-fontes/ https://www.fontes.ee/podcasts/ https://www.stat.ee/et/avasta-statistikat/valdkonnad/tooelu/tooturg/tootuse-maar https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1348-9585.12209

In 2021 the Estonian government announced a 42% cut in funding for film production in the upcoming year. After negotiations, the government agreed to keep the extra support, which is 2 million euros. However, we believe a cut in the budget for the Estonian Film Institute is a bad trend that will have a negative effect not only on our filmmakers but also on the Estonian audience and culture as well. It’s time to get some deeper insights from our expert guest for today’s episode: producer, director and Tallinn University professor of Documentary Film Riho Västrik. This episode was brought to you by TLU Student Podcast. Team: Liis Slugen, Ljubov Mozžuhhina, Marija Smagarinskaja, Mbi Takoh, Valentina Morozova, Islam Aboulela Special thanks to Terry McDonald and Avo Ulvik! References: Annist, A. (2015). Outsourcing culture: Establishing heritage hegemony by funding cultural life in South-Eastern Estonia. AbbatScianni, D. (2017). THE ESTONIAN DOCUMENTARY FILM INDUSTRY: INVESTING IN THE CULTURAL GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY. Culture Crossroads, 10(1), 77-84. Hyz, A., & Karamanis, K. (2016). Benchmarking of Sectors and the Environment. Creative Industries in Greece, 35-47. Ibrus, I., & Ojamaa, M. (2018). 5 Estonia. Global Convergence Cultures: Transmedia Earth. Kompus, M. (20.6.2019). The cash-rebate fund of Film Estonia received a one-time increase of 5million Euros.

This podcast aims to provide an overview of what issues are linked to some forms of masculinities that may have some adverse effects on men's mental health. In what ways changes in masculinity can be seen in our society? The podcast also discusses briefly what emotional skills are and how they are useful in everyday life. In the end we connect masculinity and emotional skills together and we seek to answer the question: “How could emotional skills loosen up the “tight box” traditional masculinity sets on a person? Shout-out to Tanel Kadalipp for helping us record this podcast! References and recommended readings: Aloia, L. S., & Solomon, D. H. (2015). The Physiology of Argumentative Skill Deficiency: Cognitive Ability, Emotional Competence, Communication Qualities, and Responses to Conflict. Communication Monographs, 82(3), 315-338. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2014.989868 Chernyshenko, O., Kankaraš, M., & Drasgow, F. (2018). Social and emotional skills for student success and well-being: Conceptual framework for the OECD study on social and emotional skills. OECD Education Working Papers(173). doi:10.1787/db1d8e59-en Christofidou, C. (2021). Men and masculinities: a continuing debate on change. NORMA: International Journal for Masculinity Studies, 16(2), 81-97. doi:10.1080/18902138.2021.1891758 Constant, E., Christophe, V., Bodenmann, G., & Nandrino, J.-L. (2018). Attachment orientation and relational intimacy: The mediating role of emotional competences. Current Psychology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12144-018-0062-x Denham, S. A., Ferrier, D. E., Herndon, H. K., & Bassett, H. H. (2016). Key considerations in assessing young children’s emotional competence. Cambridge Journal of Education, 46(3), 299-317. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2016.1146659 Evans, J., Frank, B., Oliffe, J. L., & Gregory, D. (2011). Health, Illness, Men and Masculinities (HIMM): a theoretical framework for understanding men and their health. Journal of Men's Health, 8(1), 7-15. Merkaš, M., Perić, K., & Žulec, A. (2021). Parent Distraction with Technology and Child Social Competence during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Parental Emotional Stability. Journal of Family Communication, 21(3), 186-204. doi:10.1080/15267431.2021.1931228 Miettine, A. (2008). Kotityöt, sukupuoli ja tasa-arvo: Palkattoman työn jakamiseen liittyvät käytännöt ja asenteet Suomessa (Homework, gender and equality: Practices and attitudes related to the divisiona of unpaid work in Finland). Helsinki: Väestöntutkimuslaitos, Väestöliitto (Demographic Research Institute, the Family Federation of Finalnd). Retrieved from https://www.vaestoliitto.fi/verkkojulkaisut/kotityot-sukupuoli-ja-tasa-arvo/ Schwab, J. R., & Dupuis, D. L. (2020). Masculinity and Silence in the Academic Struggles of American Male College Students. Emerging Adulthood, 1-15. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696820983052 Vaida, S., & Opre, A. (2014). Emotional intelligence versus emotional competence. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research, 22(1), 26-33. Virtanen, I. A., & Isotalus, P. (2014). Talking troubles with Finnish men: meaningful contexts of ‘supportive silence’. NORMA: International Journal for Masculinity Studies, 9(2), 111-125. doi:10.1080/18902138.2014.908625

People generate more and more data than ever before but now, it can be accessed much easier and used by many. How aware are we about what we put out there on the internet or apps? What kinds of laws protect us and how do they differ around the world?  Or how about dating apps? The use of them has shot up in recent years as it is convenient and easy to use them. But how do we use them? Does our behaviour, or perception of ourselves and others, change? We talk about these themes with Yan Asadchy, who is a PhD student and working in the Cudan project at TLU, with Jarl Hegert Koha and Mathilda Hauta. This episode was brought to you by TLU Student Podcast Guest: Yan Asadchy Interviewers: Mathilda Hauta & Jarl Hegert Koha Recorder and editor: Marten Puidak Thanks for listening! Main references and material: Social Media Research: A Guide to Ethics by Dr. Leanne Townsend and Prof. Claire Wallace Cyberpsychology: The Study of Individuals, Society and Digital Technologies by Monica T. Whitty and Garry Young A Networked Self and Love by Zizi Papacharissi

Have you been considering applying to master’s studies abroad? In this episode, two master’s students share their experiences about studying at Tallinn University. Study programs introduced are Communication Management and Literature, Visual Culture and Film Studies. Both students share similar backgrounds, having previously studied in the UK. But what made them continue to MA studies in Estonia? What was the process of moving from abroad to Estonia like? Discover what are the most interesting aspects of their study programs, what are these two programs like, and how do they feel about the application process. In addition, by listening to this episode, you’ll find out what Estonians are like! :) For getting more information about how to apply, please listen to our TLU website guide. There we inform you about the Tallinn University website, of how to find out the necessary information for international students, such as application deadlines, language requirements and accommodation. If you feel yet unsure about what program would suit you, feel free to check out the TLU Digital carrier advisor, presented in the website guide, to help you choose the right program! You can also find other practical information from the TLU website, such as the information about the campus. Follow this link to TLU’s website guide for getting started with your new studies in Estonia! :) https://bit.ly/3FGvbbK

Have you been considering Bachelor studies abroad? Perhaps you would be interested in studying in Estonia? In this episode, three international students at Tallinn University share experiences about their studies at TLU, about living and studying in Estonia and give tips for those considering studies abroad. So, if you’d like to know more about study programs of Crossmedia and Politics and Governance and about the study life in general, take a seat, relax, and listen to these students sharing their experiences about Tallinn University studies! For getting more information about how to apply, please listen to our TLU website guide. There we inform you about the Tallinn University website, of how to find out the necessary information for international students, such as application deadlines, language requirements and accommodation. If you feel yet unsure about what program would suit you, feel free to check out the TLU Digital carrier advisor, presented in the website guide, to help you choose the right program! You can also find other practical information from the TLU website, such as the information about the campus. Follow this link to TLU’s website guide for getting started with your new studies in Estonia! :) https://bit.ly/3FGvbbK

We are all hoping to give something to this world, to do something different, that has never been done before. But with it we also have the fears, what will others think about it, because deep down we all hope to get others approval with everything we do. Either we want it or not, it's in our nature. The more fear, the more dissatisified we become to be something different, because fear is building us the walls. But is it possible to escape this world of fear, and how? Find it out, while listening this episode. In this episode, the host Eliis-Meredy Klemmer and the guest, Lisa Jennyfer Benita will discuss about their own experiences with the need to be unordinary. They are also discussing how they see this world with their young eyes and perspectives. This episode was brought to you by the TLU Student Podcast. The references: https://www.economist.com/1843/2021/08/10/the-perfectionism-trap https://betterhumans.pub/why-will-the-desire-for-an-extraordinary-life-make-you-unhappy-3d36793b4ff8 https://www.theschooloflife.com/thebookoflife/overcoming-the-need-to-be-exceptional/ https://thedailyguardian.com/the-extraordinariness-of-being-ordinary-in-life/ https://medium.com/the-mission/8-causes-of-modern-unhappiness-a78164dd1ec0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvgfucVF5cU

This episode is about a burning debate on personal responsibility regarding minimizing our carbon footprint on the environment in the context of western society and democratic states. The aim is to present the ongoing debate on different approaches regarding how to solve the Climate Crisis. The hosts and also the fierce debaters are Marianna Vaga and Klaas de Boer. According to Marianna's argument, each individual is directly responsible for their own negative impact on the environment, therefore each individual must make an effort to minimize it. On the contrary, Klaas' argument states that each individual should not be held responsible for the negative impact on the environment they have, therefore the government must remove the unsustainable choice. Klaas have interviewed an expert from Tallinn University, Katrina Koppel, to back up his claims and Marianna has done extensive research on multiple scholars and uses their arguments and research findings to support her stance in this debate combat. Will the two find a common ground? What solution would be proposed, if any? Stay tuned till the end to find out! This episode was brought to you by TLU Student Podcast. Team: Marianna Vaga, Klaas de Boer, Johanna Randmann, Ksenia Polubinskaja and Emma Lapinleimu Special thanks to Terry McDonald and Avo Ulvik! References: Aronson, E., Wilson, D. T., & Akert, R. M. (2005). Social Psychology. NJ: Prentice Hall: Upper Saddler River. Borunda, A. (2020, 4 20). We still don’t know the full impacts of the BP oil spill, 10 years later. National Geographoc. Retrieved 11 22, 2021, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bp-oil-spill-still-dont-know-effects-decade-later Clifford, K. (2021, 9 26). Climate psychologist says neither gloom-and-doom nor extreme solution-obsessed optimism is the best way to discuss climate change productively. CNBC. Retrieved 11 22, 2021, from https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/26/how-to-discuss-climate-change-productively.html Dale, A., Robinson, J., King, L., Burch, S., Newell, R., Shaw, A., & Jost, F. (2020). Meeting the climate change challenge: local government climate action in British Columbia, Canada. Climate Policy, 20(7), 866-880. Güney, T. (2017). Governance and sustainable development: How effective is governance? The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 26(3), 316-335. Laurian, L., & Crawford, J. (2016). Sustainability in the USA and New Zealand: explaining and addressing the implementation gap in local government. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 59(12), 2124-2144. Lennan, A. M., & Ngoma, W. Y. (2004). Quality Governance for Sustainable Development. Progress in, 4(4), 279-293. McGrath, M. (2020, 11 4). Climate change: US formally withdraws from Paris agreement. BBC News. Retrieved 11 22, 2021, from https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-54797743 Milman, O. (2021, 1 20). Biden returns US to Paris climate accord hours after becoming president. The Guardian. Retrieved 11 22, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jan/20/paris-climate-accord-joe-biden-returns-us Saldanha, C. (2004). Strategies for Good Governance in the Pacific. Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, 18(2), 30-43. Schultz, W. P., Khazian, A. M., & Zaleski, A. C. (2008). Using normative social influence to promote conservation among hotel guests. Social Influence, 3(1), 4-23.

The highly sensitive trait is a trait that exists in about 20% of the global population. And despite that huge percentage, many of us are unaware of such a trait. You could be a Highly Sensitive Person who responds differently to emotions, yet you’re unaware of it. Are you sensitive to loud noises? Do you notice things that other people tend to miss? Are you often misunderstood? Have you heard of such a trait before? In this podcast, we’ll try to introduce and explain what this trait is; how to understand it; how to discover it; how to exploit it to one’s potential; and whether it is a burden or a blessing. This episode was brought to you by TLU Student Podcast.  Team: Liis Slugen, Ljubov Mozžuhhina, Marija Smagarinskaja, Mbi Takoh, Valentina Morozova, Islam Aboulela Special thanks to Terry McDonald and Avo Ulvik! References:  Aron, E. N., & Aron, A. (1997). Sensory-processing sensitivity and its relation to introversion and emotionality. Journal of personality and social psychology, 73(2), 345. Bianca P. Acevedo, Elaine N. Aron, Arthur Aron, Nancy Collins, Matthew-Donald Sangster and Lucy L. Brown. (2014). Brain and Behavior. 1-15. Elaine N. Aron and Arthur Aron. (1997). Sensory-Processing Sensitivity and Its Relation to Introversion and Emotionality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 345-368. Evans, D. E., & Rothbart, M. K. (2008). Temperamental sensitivity: Two constructs or one?. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(1), 108-118. Grant, B. (2006). The Highly Sensitive Person: Stress and physical symptom reports. 1433-1440. Jagiellowicz, J., Zarinafsar, S., & Acevedo, B. P. (2020). Health and social outcomes in highly sensitive persons. The Highly Sensitive Brain, 75-107. Jonsson, K., Grim, K., & Kjellgren, A. (2014). Do highly sensitive persons experience more nonordinary states of consciousness during sensory isolation?. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 42(9), 1495-1506.

What part does Erasmus have in the unification of Europe and the identities of students who participate in this program? Is unification a good thing and do we need it? What cultural and political aspects does a semester abroad have? We try to answer these questions in this episode, with the help of our guests Sabina Sägi from Estonian Education and Youth board and a student from Italy, Lucya Passiatore, who is going to tell us about her own experience being an Erasmus student here in Estonia. Guests: Sabina Sägi and Lucya Passiatore Team: Kristina Dushina, Nicole Pissareva, Veera Wahlroos, Justina Chinedu Oti, Vivian Valkma, Sadik Hossain Thank You: Avo Ulvik and Terry McDonald Our main research references are: Cojocaru, Cristina. (2020). Erasmus mobilities and European identity- an exploratory incursion. Journal of Educational Sciences. 40. 66-78. 10.35923/JES.2019.2.06. Oborune, Karina. (2013). Becoming more European after ERASMUS? The Impact of the ERASMUS Programme on Political and Cultural Identity. Epiphany, Vol 6, No 1 (2013). 6. 1840-3719. 10.21533/epiphany.v6i1.60.

Despite Estonia’s small number of received asylum seekers, ‘immigration’ is object to heated discussion and instrumentalization in national politics. The state’s institutions, on the other hand, which are set up to deal with immigrants in fact – the asylum and detention centers – remain largely invisible in the public sphere. In this podcast episode, Tallinn University PhD student Timothy Andersen shares his insights into how such invisibilization yet politization of immigration is perceived by those whose lives it concerns most: Estonia’s asylum seekers themselves. Guest: Timothy Andersen Crew: Anna Keller, Zhou Maojia (Drukmo) and Kristjan Luur Special thanks to Terry McDonald and Avo Ulvik For additional reading: https://www.migrationsverket.se/English/About-the-Migration-Agency/Statistics/Asylum.html https://europa.eu/youth/get-involved/your%20rights%20and%20inclusion/situation-migrants-and-refugees-europe_en https://www.pagulasabi.ee/en https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2399654421989705 https://ecre.org/

Censorship has been around since we learned how to communicate. Over that time it has taken many different forms and was used for different reasons. Although the connotation around censorship in modern times is rather negative, so is the now politicised idea of “freedom of speech”, once a hallmark of western civilization. Surely there must be a benefit to it to some extent? Why else do we still use it? Or is it all bad? Can we write books on how to build bombs to blow up 5g towers whilst simultaneously writing books on why you shouldn't?   Listen in on the conversation with Joe Dunnighan the founder of the Banned Books Museum in the old town of Tallinn. Together we attempt to define censorship and freedom of speech, see how it differs all over the world, discuss interesting dilemmas in the field, and have fun whilst doing it 😊    This episode was brought to you by the TLU Student Podcast. References: Warburton, N. (2009). Free speech: a very short introduction. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.  Rauch, Jonathan, 1960-. (1993). Kindly inquisitors: the new attacks on free thought. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.  Rose, F. (2016). The Tyranny of Silence. Cato Institute.   Sedgwick, D. (2020). The FakeNews Factory: Tales from BBC-land. Sandgrounder.   Orwell, G. (2021). Nineteen Eighty-Four. Penguin Classics.  Herman, E. S., & Chomsky, N. (1988). Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. New York: Pantheon Books. Strossen, N. (2018). Hate: why we should resist it with free speech, not censorship . Oxford University Press.