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Season 1 of Psyched is officially wrapped! We are taking the summer off to regroup and recharge, and will be back with more hot psychological takes in the Fall.

We debunk an article claiming 15 Disney princesses suffer from specific mental health disorders. Life lesson: don’t trust mental health diagnoses from random internet articles. References https://www.therichest.com/world-entertainment/15-disney-princesses-who-suffer-from-some-kind-of-mental-disorder/

Kelsey explains the five categories of human cannibalism and you might be disturbed to discover that cannibalism is more common than you probably expect. Get ready for an episode on everything from Christian communion to vorarephilia. Promo by The Strange South podcast Listen to them on Apple Podcasts References Clark, J. (2008, August 25). How cannabalism works. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://people.howstuffworks.com/cannibalism2.htm Dolan, M. (2012, May 6). The gruesome history of eating corpses as medicine. Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-gruesome-history-of-eating-corpses-as-medicine-82360284/ Dove, L. L. (2016, September 28). There’s more to cannibalism than just people eating people. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://people.howstuffworks.com/different-types-cannibalism.htm Fisher, F. (2008, March 24). Something to chew on. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/mar/24/somethingtochewon Lester, D., White, J., & Giordano, B. (2015). Cannibalism. Omega: Journal of Death & Dying, 70(4), 428–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222815573732 Montgomery, S. (2017, January 31). Pass the fava beans: A new book on cannibalism says it’s not as rare as we once thought. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/31/books/review/cannibalism-bill-schutt.html Serena, K. (2017, October 12). This cannibal placed an ad to eat someone — and someone said yes. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://allthatsinteresting.com/armin-meiwes Uruguayan air force flight 571. (n.d.). Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UruguayanAirForceFlight571 Watts, S. (2018, September 17). Jeffrey Dahmer, Albert Fish and more: Why do some serial killers turn into cannibals? Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://www.aetv.com/real-crime/cannibal-serial-killers-jeffrey-dahmer-albert-fish-andrei-chikatilo-psychology-of-cannibalism Whitfield, Jerome T.; et al. (2008). “Mortuary Rites of the South Fore and Kuru”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 363 (1510): 3721–3724. doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0074. PMC 2581657. PMID 18849288. Worrall, S. (2016, April 3). After the plane crash—and the cannibalism—a life of hope. National Geographic. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2016/04/160403-andes-uruguay-rugby-cannibal-plane-crash-canessa-ngbooktalk/

You can’t always believe what you see! We’ll explore the problematic use of eyewitness testimony in court cases and why we can’t consistently trust our memory. References: Chew, S. (n.d.). Myth: eyewitness testimony is the best kind of evidence. Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/teaching/myth-eyewitness-testimony-is-the-best-kind-of-evidence.html Cognitive interview. (n.d.). Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_interview Eyewitness testimony. (n.d.). Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyewitness_testimony Leading questions: How interviewers influence eyewitness testimonies. (n.d.). Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://www.psychologistworld.com/memory/leading-questions-eyewitness-testimony McLeod, S. (2009, December 14). Eyewitness testimony. Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/eyewitness-testimony.html McLeod, S. (2018, February 5). Cognitive interview. Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-interview.html Mojtahedi, D. (2017, July 13). New research reveals how little we can trust eyewitnesses. Retrieved May 3, 2020, from https://theconversation.com/new-research-reveals-how-little-we-can-trust-eyewitnesses-67663 Stambor, Z. (2006, April). How reliable is eyewitness testimony? Monitor on Psychology, 37(4). Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/monitor/apr06/eyewitness

This week we’ll tell you about pair of mom and daughter socialites who lived together in isolation for 25 years. We’ll explain what factors contributed to the eventual life of squalor and cat collecting that came to be their new normal. References: About Big Edie. (n.d.). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://greygardensonline.com/about-big-edie/ Acocella, J. (2014, December 8). Let it go. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/12/15/let-go Animal hoarding. (2016, September). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics/animal-hoarding Edith Bouvier Beale biography. (2014, October 23). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/personality/edith-bouvier-beale Frost, R. (2000). People who hoard animals. Psychiatric Times, 17. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/people-who-hoard-animals/page/0/3 Frost, R. O., Patronek, G., Arluke, A., & Steketee, G. (2015, April 30). The hoarding of animals: An update. Psychiatric Times, 32(4). Retrieved from https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/hoarding-animals-update/page/0/3 Hoarding disorder. (n.d.). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hoarding-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20356056 Krasner J. (2017). Cat Food in Camelot: Animal Hoarding, Reality Media, and Grey Gardens. Journal of Film & Video, 69(1), 44. Maysles, D., Maysles, A., Hovde, E., & Meyer, M. (Directors). (1975). Grey Gardens [Motion picture]. United States: Portrait Films. Olsson, G. (Director). (2017). That summer [Motion picture]. Petrison, L. (2017, September 27). Did the mold at Grey Gardens affect Big Edie and Little Edie Beale? [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://paradigmchange.me/wp/grey-gardens/ Reinisch, A. I. (2008). Understanding the human aspects of animal hoarding. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 49(12), 1211-1214. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2583418/ Taylor, T. (2018, May 14). Watch Grey Gardens’ Little Edie talking about her cats in lost documentary. Interview. Retrieved from https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/watch-grey-gardens-little-edie-talking-cats-lost-documentary What is hoarding disorder? (n.d.). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/what-is-hoarding-disorder Wilkinson, J. (n.d.). Inside the infamous NY Grey Gardens and its very historic yard sale. The Daily Mail. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5095053/Inside-infamous-Grey-Gardens-historic-yard-sale.html Wilkinson, S. (2015, July 10). Grey gardens, the story of two fabulous women let down, is one you need to know. Grazia. Retrieved from https://graziadaily.co.uk/life/real-life/grey-gardens-real-story/

The brilliant ladies from Behavior Bitches Podcast join us to explain how dating works and why so many of us fall into the trap of dating complete and utter assholes. Want to know how to stop? The Behavior Bitches will explain it to you!

Did you know that Camille Preaker’s word carving ritual is a real thing? Kelsey breaks down how the HBO miniseries, Sharp Objects, portrays self-harm and surviving child abuse. References Black, E. B., & Mildred, H. (2018). Characteristics of non‐suicidal self‐injury in women accessing internet help sites. Clinical Psychologist, 22(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12094 HBO. (2018). Sharp Objects. Nicolaou, E. (n.d.). What Exactly Happened In The Creepy Shack In Sharp Objects? Retrieved from https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2018/07/205763/sharp-objects-cabin-camille-rape-what-happened Walsh, M. (2018, July 23). There’s A Reason Behind The Words On Camille’s Body In ‘Sharp Objects’. Retrieved from https://www.romper.com/p/what-words-does-camille-have-on-her-body-each-sharp-objects-episode-is-named-after-her-scars-9848017 Witt, K., Milner, A., Spittal, M. J., Hetrick, S., Robinson, J., Pirkis, J., & Carter, G. (2019). Population attributable risk of factors associated with the repetition of self-harm behaviour in young people presenting to clinical services: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-018-1111-6

Why do people create false online identities? Why are some people so susceptible to being catfished? We’ll answer these questions and more as we dive into the motivations behind deceptive online relationships. References: Bargh, J. A., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Fitzsimons, G. M. (2002). Can You See the Real Me? Activation and Expression of the “True Self” on the Internet. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 33. https://doi-org.ezproxy.bellevue.edu/10.1111/1540-4560.00247 Bargh, J. A., & McKenna, K. Y.A. (2004). The internet and social life. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 573-590. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141922 Bates-Duford, T. (2016, December 23). Catfishing: 12 dangers [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://blogs.psychcentral.com/relationship-corner/2016/12/264/ Campbell, K. (2013, June 24). Catfish and secrets [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/more-chemistry/201306/catfish-and-secrets?amp Donohoe, A. (n.d.). Catfishing: The devastating impact of being cheated in love online. Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://www.shemazing.net/catfishing-the-devastating-impact-of-being-cheated-in-love-online/ Dunn, M. (105, July 23). Teenager addicted to catfishing reveals secrets of her sinister world. Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://www.news.com.au/technology/online/social/teenager-addicted-to-catfishing-reveals-secrets-of-her-sinister-world/news-story/77caabe0aab1768126211087b9d749e2?pg=1#comments Lapidot-Lefler, N., & Barak, A. (2012). Effects of anonymity, invisibility, and lack of eye-contact on toxic online disinhibition. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 434-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.10.014 Lewis, T. (2016, February 4). The psychology of catfishing. The Buff and Blue. Retrieved from https://www.thebuffandblue.net/ McClellan, D. (2019, October 24). What Is catfishing online: history, meaning, psychology and everything else about catfish scams [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://socialcatfish.com/blog/what-is-catfishing-online-dating/ Murti, A. (2020, February 13). The psychology of catfishing. The Swaddle. Retrieved from https://theswaddle.com/why-do-people-catfish/ Online disinhibition effect. (n.d.). Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onlinedisinhibitioneffect Self-discrepancy theory. (n.d.). Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-discrepancy_theory Social information processing (theory). (n.d.). Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialinformationprocessing_(theory) Teens and the psychology behind “catfishing”. (2020, August 12). Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://www.sovteens.com/addiction/teens-psychology-behind-catfishing/ Vanman, E. (2018, July 26). It’s not about money: we asked catfish why they trick people online. Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://theconversation.com/amp/its-not-about-money-we-asked-catfish-why-they-trick-people-online-100381 Whigham, N. (2018, July 27). ‘It’s hard to stop the addiction’: The reasons why people become catfish. Retrieved April 30, 2020, from https://www.news.com.au/technology/online/social/its-hard-to-stop-the-addiction-the-reasons-why-people-become-catfish/news-story/9259328a281c24d4d6f6593750c71320

We explore the life of the real individual Frank Meeink, who inspired the film. We also discuss how people like Frank come to experience such extreme hatred that they would get involved as a Neo-Nazi skinhead. References: Abrams, A. (2017, March 9). The psychology of hate [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/nurturing-self-compassion/201703/the-psychology-hate Davies, D. (Host). (2010, August 7). A ‘recovering skinhead’ on leaving hatred behind [Audio podcast episode]. In Fresh air. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125514655 Ehrlich, H. J. (2009). Hate Crimes and Ethnoviolence : The History, Current Affairs, and Future of Discrimination in America. Routledge. Former Philly skinhead: ‘I was a monster [Audio podcast episode]. (2015, July 20). In NewsWorks. Retrieved from https://whyy.org/articles/former-philly-skinhead-i-was-a-monster/ Former skinhead looks back on life of hate [Radio episode]. (2012, August 21). In Here & Now. Retrieved from https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2012/08/21/skinhead-hate-groups Hatred [Blog post]. (2019, May 13). Retrieved from https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychpedia/hatred Lockhardt, C. T. (2010). Psychology of Hate. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Meeink, F., & Roy, J. M. (2010). Autobiography of a recovering skinhead. Hawthorne Books. Michener, W. (2012). The Individual Psychology of Group Hate. Journal of Hate Studies, 10(1), 15–48. https://doi-org.ezproxy.bellevue.edu/10.33972/jhs.112 Rapgay, L. (2018, March 31). The psychology of hate [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/anxiety-fear-and-hate/201803/the-psychology-hate Williams, C. (2019, July 6). Racial discrimination is the legacy south Philly can’t seem to outgrow. City Life. Retrieved from https://www.phillymag.com/news/2019/07/06/racial-discrimination-in-south-philly/

Kelsey explains why ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) is such a radical idea for therapy, and tries not to sob as she discusses her deep and abiding love for it. She also pays tribute to her mentor, Dr. Norwood, who taught her about this therapy in school and is responsbile for her obnoxious devotion to 3rd wave CBT. References Hayes, S. C. (2017, December 7). Kissing the Banana Trunk: Will You Commit and Act in the Fight Against Ebola? Retrieved from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kissing-the-banana-trunk-b5839680 Wakefield, S., Roebuck, S., & Boyden, P. (2018). The evidence base of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in psychosis: A systematic review. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 10, 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.07.001

What happens when psychopaths have their own children? Are they psychopaths too? We dive into these questions as we revioew the 2009 Australian horror movie and the sinister father/daughter relationship that leads to unthinkable acts of violence. References: Byrne, S. (Director). (2009). The loved ones [Motion picture]. Australia: Madman Films. Hagerty, B. B. (2017). When Your Child Is a Psychopath. Atlantic, 319(5), 78. Leedom, L. J., Bass, A., & Almas, L. H. (2013). The Problem of Parental Psychopathy. Journal of Child Custody, 10(2), 154–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/15379418.2013.796268 Lindberg, N., Oshukova, S., Miettunen, J., & Kaltiala-Heino, R. (2016). Do seriously offending girls differ from their age- and offence type-matched male counterparts on psychopathic traits or psychopathy-related background variables? Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health, 10, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-016-0128-1 Repo-Tiihonen, E., Tiihonen, J., Lindberg, N., Weizmann-Henelius, G., Putkonen, H., & Häkkänen, H. (2010). The intergenerational cycle of criminality–association with psychopathy. Journal Of Forensic Sciences, 55(1), 116–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01208.x

We explore the industry of reborn dolls and how they can be used for mental health. We’ll also look into why people are so divisive over whether they are creepy or cute. References: Caballar, R. D. (2019, November 6). What is the uncanny valley? Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/humanoids/what-is-the-uncanny-valley Cote, J. B. (2016, September 29). How ‘reborn dolls’ really can help us cope with miscarriage & infant loss. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://thestir.cafemom.com/pregnancy/200832/howreborndollsreallycan Croxton, K. (2018, May 20). For those in need, therapy dolls provide a sense of control. The Times News.com. Retrieved from https://www.thetimesnews.com/entertainmentlife/20180520/for-those-in-need-therapy-dolls-provide-sense-of-control Dunne, C. (2015, January 12). Meet the women who treat their “reborn” dolls like real children. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://www.fastcompany.com/3040525/meet-the-women-who-treat-their-reborn-dolls-like-real-children Grabianowski, E. (n.d.). How the uncanny valley works. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/unexplained-phenomena/uncanny-valley.htm#pt3 Hillin, T. (2016, August 3). Inside the world of grown women who play with eerily lifelike ‘reborn dolls’. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://splinternews.com/inside-the-world-of-grown-women-who-play-with-eerily-li-1793860842 Hitt, T. (2017, March 9). Across the uncanny valley: Boston’s reborn babies. The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved from https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/3/9/uncanny-valley-reborn-babies/ Lay, S. (2015, November 13). Uncanny valley: why we find human-like robots and dolls so creepy. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/13/robots-human-uncanny-valley The neurology of the uncanny valley. (2018, January 13). Cosmos. Retrieved from https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/the-neurology-of-the-uncanny-valley Nield, D. (2019, July 7). Here’s what happens in your brain when you’re creeped out by certain robots. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-may-have-found-which-spot-in-the-brain-triggers-the-uncanny-valley-effect Saltz, G. (2008, October 1). Fake babies ease women’s anxiety, sadness. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://www.today.com/health/fake-babies-ease-womens-anxiety-sadness-wbna26974105 Uncanny valley. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncanny_valley Zander, M. (2016, June 28). Reborn pregnancies are a real thing, and they’re kind of heartbreaking. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/1123485/reborn-pregnancies/

We explore the real story of Anneliese Michel that inspired the 2005 movie. We’ll look at the possibility of possesion as well as other answers for what could have happened to her. References: References Clancy, M. J., Clarke, M. C., Connor, D. J., Cannon, M., & Cotter, D. R. (2014). The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 14(75). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3995617/#_ffnsectitle Devinsky, O., & Lai, G. (2008). Spirituality and religion in Epilepsy. Epilepsy and Behavior, 12(4), 636-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.11.011 The epilepsies and seizures: Hope through research. (n.d.). Retrieved February 28, 2020, from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke website: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Epilepsies-and-Seizures-Hope-Through Epilepsy and sleep. (n.d.). Retrieved February 28, 2020, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/epilepsy-and-sleep The exorcism of Anneliese Michel [Blog post]. (2014, April 30). Retrieved from https://certainlycomment.wordpress.com/2014/04/30/the-exorcism-of-anneliese-michel-modern-and-alternative-explanations/ How do you get hallucinations from epilepsy? [Online forum post]. (2019, July 13). Retrieved from Web MD website: https://www.webmd.com/brain/qa/how-do-you-get-hallucinations-from-epilepsy Karter, J. (2016, August 24). Epilepsy drugs can induce psychosis in some patients, study finds. Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://www.madinamerica.com/2016/08/epilepsy-drugs-can-induce-psychosis-in-some-patients-study-finds/ Layton, J. (2005, September 8). How exorcism works. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/afterlife/exorcism3.htm Osborne, S. (2017, August 23). Haunting photos show ‘possessed’ girl who died after being exorcised. Retrieved February 28, 2020, from https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/845147/Anneliese-Michel-exorcism-photos-possessed-german-girl-died-exorcism-emily-rose Paoletti, G. (2017, October 12). Anneliese Michel and the shocking images from the exorcism of the real Emily Rose. Phantom smells may be a sign of trouble. (2018, July 10). Retrieved February 28, 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/phantom-smells-may-be-sign-trouble-n890271 Real Anneliese Michel 6 demons [Video file]. (2013, July 15). Retrieved from https://youtu.be/-4xiT67GrbY Semedo, D. (2016, August 12). Anti-seizure therapies for Epilepsy patients may induce psychotic disorders, study finds. Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://epilepsynewstoday.com/2016/08/12/psychotic-disorders-drugs-designed-combat-effects-epilepsy/ The tragic story behind the exorcism of Emily Rose [Blog post]. (2015, June 27). Retrieved from Sword and Scale website: https://www.swordandscale.com/the-tragic-story-behind-the-exorcism-of-emily-rose/ Vega, J. (2020, February 7). When paralysis occurs after a seizure. Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-postictal-paralysis-3146162

Kelsey explains the questionable science behind using ketamine for treatment resistant depression. Spoiler alert: don’t trust drugs that sound like miracle cures. References: CHAN, L. F., EU, C. L., SOH, S. Y., MANIAM, T., SHAHIDII KADIR, Z., CHONG, B. T. W., LOO, J. L., SHARIP, S., WONG, V. C. W., LOO, T. H., NG, Y. P., & KAHN, D. A. (2018). Is Ketamine the Future Clozapine for Depression? A Case Series and Literature Review on Maintenance Ketamine in Treatment-resistant Depression With Suicidal Behavior. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 24(4), 279–291. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000316 Rodriguez, C. I., Kegeles, L. S., Levinson, A., Feng, T., Marcus, S. M., Vermes, D., Flood, P., & Simpson, H. B. (2013). Randomized controlled crossover trial of ketamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: proof-of-concept. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication Of The American College Of Neuropsychopharmacology, 38(12), 2475–2483. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.150 Corriger A, & Pickering G. (2019). Ketamine and depression: a narrative review. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 3051. Chen, J. (2019, March 21). How New Ketamine Drug Helps with Depression. Retrieved from https://www.yalemedicine.org/stories/ketamine-depression/ Meisner, R. C. (2019, May 20). Ketamine for major depression: New tool, new questions. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/ketamine-for-major-depression-new-tool-new-questions-2019052216673

Part 2 of the Marilyn Monroe miniseries! We finish up the psychological dissection of Marilyn’s life by discussing her seriously impressive drug abuse and speculating about the mysterious diagnosis her infamous psychiatrist, Dr. Greenson, gave her toward the later years of her life. References Lathan S. R. (2009). Celebrities and substance abuse. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 22(4), 339–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2009.11928552 Neilstark. (2020, February 3). Borderline Personality Disorder or paranoid schizophrenia: is it different than. Retrieved from https://uberant.com/article/689069-borderline-personality-disorder-or-paranoid-schizophrenia-is-it-different-than-/ TARABORRELLI, J. R. A. N. D. Y. (2018). Secret Life Of Marilyn Monroe. Place of publication not identified: PAN Books.

Yoko Ono’s name has become synonymous with the downfall of the Beatles. We examine why the world continues to blame her and how various women continue to be compared to her. References: Break-up of the Beatles. (n.d.). Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break-upofthe_Beatles Byrne, K. (2019, January 9). Why has Meghan Markle been cast as the Yoko Ono of our times? Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://amp.independent.ie/style/voices/why-has-meghan-markle-been-cast-as-the-yoko-ono-of-our-times-37693053.html Chappet, M.-C. (2020, January 9). Harry and Meghan’s drastic decision was inevitable, but should we support it or begrudge them? Glamour. Retrieved from https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/harry-and-meghan-stepping-down-was-inevitable Chuba, K. (2018, January 11). Rose McGowan: Don’t blame Asia Argento, others for Anthony Bourdain’s death. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://variety.com/2018/biz/news/rose-mcgowan-asia-argento-anthony-bourdain-blame-for-death-1202840700/ Elsergany, L. (n.d.). The Yoko effect- How women are blamed for men’s downfall (opinion). Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://www.smple.world/home/2018/10/16/blame-it-on-the-alcohol-and-ariana-how-women-are-blamed-for-mens-downfall Fullerton, A. (n.d.). The internet blamed Ariana Grande for Mac’s death. The Xaverian. Retrieved from https://www.xaverian.ca/articles/2018/9/25/the-internet-blamed-ariana-grande-for-macs-death Giles, J. (2014, April 7). Courtney Love: ‘I don’t think the Yoko comparison is fair’. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://ultimateclassicrock.com/courtney-love-yoko-ono/ Hunt, M. E. (n.d.). Eve’s legacy: Burden of blame. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://www.medialit.org/reading-room/eves-legacy-burden-blame Julian, C. (2018, September 18). Ariana Grande and the ‘Yoko Ono phenomenon’. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://controlforever.com/read/the-yoko-ono-phenomenon-ariana-grande-is-the-latest-victim/ Kizmya, K. (2018, September 11). The Yoko effect [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.kimkizyma.com/blog/2018/9/11/yoko-effect?format=amp Rankaduwa, S. (2020, January 16). The British royal family has more to lose than Harry and Meghan do. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/sandirankaduwa/meghan-markle-prince-harry-megxit-leaving-royal-family Reynolds, T. (2019, June 15). It’s easier to blame men than to see men as victims. Retrieved March 5, 2020, from https://malepsychology.org.uk/2019/06/15/its-easier-to-blame-men-than-to-see-men-as-victims/ Scott, C. (2018, September 20). Why do we blame Yoko? The Michigan Daily. Retrieved from https://www.michigandaily.com/section/arts/why-do-we-blame-yoko Somarriba, M. R. (2016, May 11). Why are we so quick to blame women when their husbands behave badly? Verily Magazine. Retrieved from https://verilymag.com/2016/05/sexual-assault-infidelity-celebrity-beyonce-lemonade-bill-cosby-blaming-women Strauss, N. (1994, June 2). Kurt Cobain’s downward spiral: The last days of Nirvana’s leader. Rolling Stone. Retrieved from https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/kurt-cobains-downward-spiral-the-last-days-of-nirvanas-leader-99797/

Part 1 of a 2 part series on Marilyn Monroe. We discuss why repeatedly abandoning your children is not a recommended parenting tactic, and talk about how attachment theory may explain why Marilyn was so unlucky in love and friendships. References TARABORRELLI, J. R. A. N. D. Y. (2018). Secret Life Of Marilyn Monroe. Place of publication not identified: PAN Books. Bond, A. H. (2013). Marilyn Monroe: on the couch: inside the mind and life of Marilyn Monroe. Baltimore, MD: Bancroft Press. A Brief Overview of Adult Attachment Theory and Research: R. Chris Fraley. (n.d.). Retrieved March 1, 2020, from http://labs.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/attachment.htm Miranda, M., Molla, E., & Tadros, E. (2019). Implications of Foster Care on Attachment: A Literature Review. Family Journal, 27(4), 394–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480719833407

What do psychadelic drugs and near-death-experiences have in common? We share the neuropsychological research on what may happen in your brain during near-death-experiences and ways scientists are simulating these events for further study. References: AWARE study initial results are published. (2017, July 18). Retrieved February 23, 2020, from International Association for Near Death Studies, Inc. website: https://iands.org/news/news/front-page-news/ 1060-aware-study-initial-results-are-published.html Cant, R., Cooper, S., Chung, C., & O, C. M. (2012). The divided self: Near death experiences of resuscitated patients – A review of literature. International Emergency Nursing, 20(2), 88–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2011.05.005 George G. Ritchie. (n.d.). Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeorgeG.Ritchie Lichfield, G. (2015, April). The science of near-death experiences. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/ 2015/04/the-science-of-near-death-experiences/386231/ Potent psychedelic DMT mimics near-death experience in the brain. (2018, August 14). Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://www.eurekalert.org/ pub_releases/2018-08/icl-ppd081418.php Raymond Moody. (n.d.). Retrieved February 23, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Moody Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Williams, L., Erritzoe, D., Martial, C., Cassol, H., … Carhart-Harris, R. (2018). DMT Models the Near-Death Experience. Frontiers in Psychology, N.PAG. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=shib&db=edb&AN=131243230&site=eds-live

We delve into the dark truth behind the famous singer and actress’ life in the public eye. References: Barbiturate. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate Barbiturate. (2019, July 19). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/science/barbiturate Bertram, C. (2019, May 24). Judy Garland was put on a strict diet and encouraged to take “pep pills” while filming ‘The Wizard of Oz’. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/news/judy-garland-pills-diet-wizard-of-oz Bertram, C. (2019, September 25). Judy Garland’s personal life was a search for happiness she often portrayed onscreen. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/news/judy-garland-personal-life-struggles-husbands Blakemore, E. (2018, March 1). Golden age Hollywood had a dirty little secret: drugs. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.history.com/news/judy-garland-barbiturates-hollywood-studio-drugs Buck, S. (2016, December 22). Old Hollywood forced its first stars to work long hours and take amphetamines in exchange for fame. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://timeline.com/hollywood-drugs-1930s-6b27a1404552 The effects of mixing alcohol with amphetamines. (2019, February 13). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.recoveryfirst.org/alcohol-abuse/mixing-with-amphetamines/ Judy Garland. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Garland Judy Garland: A biography [Video file]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aUryonHTCw&feature=youtu.be Market, H. (2019, June 21). The day Judy Garland’s star burned out. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/the-day-judy-garlands-star-burned-outMethOIDE. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://methoide.fcm.arizona.edu/infocenter/index.cfm?stid=164 Molony, J. (2015, June 1). Judy Garland: the diva, the drugs and the damage. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/judy-garland-the-diva-the-drugs-and-the-damage-31264687.html Nicolaou, E. (2020, January 28). What made Judy Garland’s life so tragic. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/09/8455229/judy-garland-actress-true-story-life-death Nolasco, S. (2019, December 19). Judy Garland’s ex-lover John Meyer recalls the star’s final tumultuous months. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/judy-garland-ex-lover-john-meyer-recalls-star-final-months O’Neill, K. (2019, October 3). Judy Garland was penniless, virtually homeless and making $100 a night singing in bars. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/judy-garland-penniless-virtually-homeless-20320960 Rasmussen, N. (2008). America’s first amphetamine epidemic 1929–1971. American Journal of Public Health, 98(6), 974-985. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.110593 LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Amphetamines. [Updated 2016 Apr 8]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548941/

How did the term Bedlam come to be used to describe a scene of madness and chaos? We dive into the history of Bethlem Hospital and it’s transformation in Bedlam. We’ll discuss how the the first lunatic asylum in Europe eventually became synonymous with uproar and pandemonium. References: Bethlem Royal Hospital. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/BethlemRoyalHospital Bethlem Royal Hospital. (2017, March 6). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from http://www.asylumprojects.org/index.php/BethlemRoyalHospital Casale, S. (2016, March 18). Bedlam: The horrors of London’s most notorious insane asylum. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://m.huffpost.com/us/ entry/9499118/amp?guccounter=1 From Bethlehem to Bedlam - England’s first mental institution. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://historicengland.org.uk/research/ inclusive-heritage/disability-history/1050-1485/from-bethlehem-to-bedlam/ Humorism. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Humorism Jane, C. (2014, October 24). A history of Bedlam, the world’s most notorious asylum [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.danceshistoricalmiscellany.com/history-bedlam-worlds-notoriousasylum/ Ruggeri, A. (2016, December 15). How Bedlam became ‘a palace for lunatics’. Retrieved January 28, 2020, from http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20161213-how-bedlam-became-a-palace-for-lunatics Tillotson, S. (Producer). (2016, March 17). Bedlam. In our time. Podcast retrieved from https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0739rfg Tom o’ Bedlam. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Tomo%27Bedlam Waller, M. (2008, August 12). Bedlam: The brutal truth. Mail Online. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/books/article-1042885/ Bedlam-brutal-truth.html Wax, A. (2016). The disturbing history of Bedlam: The world’s most notorious insane asylum [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.the13thfloor.tv/2016/ 04/28/the-disturbing-history-of-bedlam-the-worlds-most-notorious-insane asylum/ What is Bedlam? The hospital that defined madness. (2019). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://the-line-up.com/insane-asylum-bedlam