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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) affects more than 200 000 people and is associated with >4000 deaths in the US annually. Many people have asymptomatic disease and can be monitored without treatment for long periods. In this podcast, author Mazyar Shadman, MD, MPH, from the University of Washington, Seattle, joins JAMA Deputy Editor Mary M. McDermott, MD, in a discussion about diagnosis and management of CLL. Related Content: Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Approximately 3 million people in the US have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). JAMA Executive Editor Gregory Curfman, MD, discusses diagnosis and treatment of HFpEF with authors Margaret Redfield, MD, and Barry Borlaug, MD, both from Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Division of Cardiovascular Diseases. Related Content: Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

More than 2 million individuals in the US are chronically infected with hepatitis C, and nearly 15 000 die every year. Antivirals are available but are not reaching the majority of infected individuals. In this Q&A, JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, and Francis S. Collins, MD, PhD, discuss a plan to eliminate hepatitis C included in the Biden-Harris 2024 budget proposal. Related Content: A National Hepatitis C Elimination Program in the United States Eliminating Hepatitis C in the United States Former NIH Director Francis S. Collins on the New White House Plan to Eliminate Hepatitis C Association of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy With Liver and Nonliver Complications and Long-term Mortality in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C After 12 Years, NIH Director Francis S. Collins, MD, PhD, Seeks His Next Chapter After 12 Years, NIH Director Francis S. Collins Seeks His Next Chapter

In January 2023, the US Organ Procurement & Transplantation Network (OPTN) required transplant centers to modify transplant list wait times for Black patients. JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, and L. Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH, Dinushika Mohottige, MD, MPH, and Tanjala S. Purnell, PhD, MPH, discuss why the OPTN mandate is a valuable model for reforming race-based practices. Related Content: Race-Neutral Estimates of Kidney Function: Enhancing Equity Race-Based Equations Delayed Black Patients From Getting Onto Kidney Transplant Lists—An Unprecedented New Policy Seeks to Undo the Damage Redressing the Harms of Race-Based Kidney Function Estimation

Malignant primary brain tumors cause more than 15 000 deaths annually in the US. JAMA Fishbein Fellow Revital Marcus, MD, interviews Ingo Mellinghoff, MD, PhD, neuro-oncologist and chair of the department of neurology at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, about the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of various primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Related Content: Glioblastoma and Other Primary Brain Malignancies in Adults

During the transition to menopause, approximately 50%-75% of individuals experience vasomotor or genitourinary symptoms. JAMA Senior Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, and Carolyn Crandall MD, MS, of the University of California, Los Angeles, discuss hormonal and nonhormonal therapy for treatment of menopausal symptoms. Related Content: Management of Menopausal Symptoms

Interview with Vanessa Northington Gamble, MD, PhD, author of Dr Herman A. Barnett, Black Civil Rights Activists, and the Desegregation of The University of Texas Medical Branch in 1949: “We Ought to Go in Texas and I Don’t Mean to a Segregated Medical School.” Hosted by Robert Steinbrook, MD, and Raegan W. Durant, MD, MPH. Related Content: Dr Herman A. Barnett, Black Civil Rights Activists, and the Desegregation of The University of Texas Medical Branch in 1949

Deverick John Anderson, MD, MPH, professor of medicine at Duke University and director of the Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, discusses the evidence and appropriate strategies used in the prevention of surgical site infections with JAMA Associate Editor Anthony Charles, MD, MPH. Related Content: Surgical Site Infection Prevention

Anxiety disorders affect approximately a third of adults during their lifetime in the US and are associated with significant distress and impairment. JAMA Deputy Editor Mary M. McDermott, MD, discusses diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders with Naomi M. Simon, MD, MSc, professor of the Department of Psychiatry at NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Related Article(s): Anxiety Disorders

Bacterial meningitis is a worldwide health problem causing approximately 300 000 deaths annually. In this podcast, JAMA Fishbein Fellow Revital Marcus, MD, speaks with Rodrigo Hasbun, MD, MPH, infectious disease specialist and professor of medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, about the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bacterial meningitis. Related Content: Progress and Challenges in Bacterial Meningitis Bacterial Meningitis

Rajesh T. Gandhi, MD, director of Harvard University’s Center for AIDS Research, talks about recent advances in the treatment and prevention of HIV and discusses HIV in the context of COVID-19 and monkeypox infections. Hosted by JAMA Deputy Editor and Editorial Director for Equity Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ. Related Content: Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults Ending the HIV Epidemic Anthony Fauci, MD: Working to End HIV/AIDS

Phenome-wide association studies use large data sets to search for phenotypes associated with specific single-nucleotide variants, investigating whether specific genetic variations may be associated with multiple conditions and traits. In this podcast, JAMA Fishbein Fellow Revital Marcus, MD, discusses phenome-wide association studies with Dan M. Roden, MD, professor of medicine, pharmacology, and biomedical informatics at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Joshua C. Denny, MD, MS, chief executive officer of the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program. Related Content: Phenome-Wide Association Studies

JAMA Interim Executive Editor Gregory Curfman, MD, interviews Robert M. Carey, MD, University of Virginia, about his review article on treatment of hypertension in the November 8, 2022, issue of JAMA. Their discussion addresses the clinical consequences of hypertension, as well as nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches to management, including patients with resistant hypertension. Related Content: Treatment of Hypertension

An estimated 45% of accredited US obstetrics and gynecology residency programs are located in states that currently ban or severely restrict abortions. JAMA Associate Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, and JAMA Internal Medicine Deputy Editor Deborah Grady, MD, speak with medical students, program directors, and other specialists in the ob-gyn training community about new restrictions and their effects on ob-gyn education in the US. Related Content: Implications of the Dobbs Decision for Medical Education Dobbs Decision Threatens Full Breadth of Ob-Gyn Training Medical Indications for Abortion Threats to Evidence-Based Care With Teratogenic Medications in States With Abortion Restrictions Treating Cancer in Pregnant Patients After Roe v Wade Overturned The Challenge of Emergency Abortion Care Following the Dobbs Ruling Clinical and Legal Dilemmas of Providing Reproductive Health Care After the Dobbs Decision Legal Risks and Ethical Dilemmas for Clinicians in the Aftermath of Dobbs The Implications of the Supreme Court Decision to Overturn Roe v Wade for Women With Pregnancy-Associated Cancers Reproductive Rights in Neurology—The Supreme Court's Impact on All of Us Antiabortion Laws and Implications for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnancy Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Hannah Nguyen reported that she held leadership positions on Boston University’s School of Medicine chapters of SPA-1 and DREAM. Margaux Zimmerman reported that she held leadership positions on Boston University’s, School of Medicine chapters of ACOG and DREAM. Dr Gariepy reported that she was the Yale Complex Family Planning fellowship director from 2018 to March 2022, for which she received salary support from her institution; taught undergraduate and medical students, ob-gyn residents, and Complex Family Planning fellows; and is a research mentor for Complex Family Planning fellows who received research grants from the Society of Family Planning Research Fund. Dr Gariepy also reported leadership positions on the board of directors for the Society of Family Planning and the Complex Family Planning Fellowship Council and membership with Physicians for Reproductive Health, the National Abortion Federation, and the Society of Family Planning. Dr Steinauer is a member of the Society of Family Planning. Dr Loder reported that she serves as a principal investigator for contraceptive clinical trials for Merck and Sebela Pharmaceuticals Inc, consults for American Medical Students Association, and serves as program director for Complex Family Planning Fellowship, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine. No other disclosures were reported.

JAMA Associate Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS, discusses medication abortion as an alternative to a procedural abortion to terminate a pregnancy in an interview with Stephanie Teal, MD, MPH, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, and Rebecca Cohen, MD, OB/GYN, University of Colorado. Related Content: Medication Abortion Contraception Selection, Effectiveness, and Adverse Effects Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Cohen serves as an unpaid board member for Cobalt, a reproductive rights advocacy group. No other disclosures were reported.

Michele Bratcher Goodwin, JD (Center for Biotechnology and Global Health Policy, University of California, Irvine), Molly Meegan, JD (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), and Lisa Harris, MD, PhD (University of Michigan) discuss how new abortion bans in the US are creating serious legal and ethical dilemmas for clinicians. Hosted by JAMA Legal and Global Health Correspondent Lawrence O. Gostin, JD (Georgetown University). Related Content: Legal Risks and Ethical Dilemmas for Clinicians in the Aftermath of Dobbs The Future of Ob-Gyn Training in the US Post-Dobbs Medical Indications for Abortion   Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Lawrence O. Gostin, JD, is the Legal and Global Health Correspondent for JAMA and Faculty Director of the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University.  No other disclosures were reported. Michele Bratcher Goodwin, JD, LLM, SJD is Director of the Center for Biotechnology and Global Health Policy at University of California, Irvine.  No other disclosures were reported.  Lisa Harris, MD, PhD, is the F. Wallace and Janet Jeffries Collegiate Professor of Reproductive Health, and Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at University of Michigan. She is also a Professor in the Department of Women’s Studies.  No other disclosures reported.  Molly Meegan is the Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).  No other disclosures reported.

Hypercalcemia affects approximately 1% of the population. Its presence typically indicates an underlying disorder and requires diagnostic evaluation. In this podcast, JAMA Associate Editor Anne Cappola, MD, ScM, interviews Elizabeth Shane, MD, an endocrinologist and professor of medicine at Columbia University Medical Center, about the clinical approach to diagnosing and managing hypercalcemia. Related Content: Hypercalcemia

In the US, pulmonary embolism (PE) affects approximately 370 000 patients annually and is estimated to cause 60 000 to 100 000 deaths per year. In this podcast, JAMA Senior Editor Kristin Walter, MD, MS, discusses the clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and treatment of PE with Yonathan Freund, MD, PhD, professor of emergency medicine at Sorbonne University in Paris, France. Related Article(s): Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Hyponatremia affects approximately 5% of adults and approximately 35% of hospitalized patients. Even mild hyponatremia can be associated with cognitive impairment; in hospitalized patients, hyponatremia is associated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality. In this podcast, JAMA Deputy Editor Mary M. McDermott, MD, interviews Nicolaos E. Madias, MD, a nephrologist and professor of medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine, about the clinical approach to diagnosing hyponatremia and management of both acute and chronic hyponatremia. Related Content: Diagnosis and Management of Hyponatremia

Myelodysplastic neoplasms, or myelodysplastic syndromes, are diagnosed in approximately 4 of 100 000 people each year in the US and are associated with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 37%. In this JAMA podcast and author interview, JAMA Deputy Editor Mary M. McDermott, MD, discusses the diagnosis and treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with Mikkael A. Sekeres, MD, MS, chief of hematology and professor of medicine of the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Related Content: Diagnosis and Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes